{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T17:02:48Z","timestamp":1758992568567,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ACVD Resident Research Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moxifloxacin is a fourth\u2010generation fluoroquinolone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FQ<\/jats:styled-content>) that is approved for use in people to treat a variety of infections. Some veterinary microbiology laboratories report moxifloxacin in culture and sensitivity profiles for <jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S.\u00a0schleiferi<\/jats:italic> albeit using Clinical &amp; Laboratory Standards Institute (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLSI<\/jats:styled-content>) breakpoints for <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic>. Previous studies have shown that <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic> breakpoints can mischaracterize <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> susceptibility to various drugs. Pradofloxacin is a third generation veterinary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FQ<\/jats:styled-content> with a similar mechanism of action and spectrum of activity to moxifloxacin; however, the dose format (25\u00a0mg\/mL solution) available in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USA<\/jats:styled-content> may limit its practical use in large dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>), mutant prevention concentration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPC<\/jats:styled-content>) and mutant selection window (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSW<\/jats:styled-content>) of moxifloxacin and pradofloxacin for isolates of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S.\u00a0schleiferi<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and materials<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulsed\u2010field gel electrophoresis was performed to establish that each bacterial isolate selected for testing represented an unique strain. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MPC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSW<\/jats:styled-content> for moxifloxacin and pradofloxacin were determined from 60 strains of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> and seven strains of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0schleiferi<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPC<\/jats:styled-content> ranges of moxifloxacin and pradofloxacin for meticillin\u2010susceptible <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> were similar. However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPC<\/jats:styled-content> ranges were much wider and resistance to both drugs was more common for meticillin\u2010resistant strains of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S.\u00a0schleiferi<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The narrow <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSW<\/jats:styled-content> of these drugs may reduce the risk of selecting for antibiotic\u2010resistant subpopulations. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and safety studies are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T09:30:39Z","timestamp":1567675839000},"page":"481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A pilot study on the comparative minimum inhibitory and mutant prevention concentration values for moxifloxacin and pradofloxacin against canine and human isolates of <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/i> and <i>S.\u00a0schleiferi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9757-3299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Curtis","family":"Plowgian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 3901 E 82nd St Indianapolis IN 46250 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3396-0334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Blondeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Microbiology Royal University Hospital and Saskatchewan Health Authority 103 Hospital Drive Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada S7N 0W8"},{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology and Ophthalmology University of Saskatchewan 103 Hospital Drive Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada S7N 0W8"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9485-3340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Levinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 2965 Edinger Ave Tustin CA 92780 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Rosenkrantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Dermatology Clinic 2965 Edinger Ave Tustin CA 92780 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12118"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.240.12.1450"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12444"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.4.1410-1415.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2004.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq478"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"678","article-title":"Resistance to fluoroquinolones and methicillin in ophthalmic isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from companion animals","volume":"55","author":"Kang MH","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/43.suppl_2.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"PapichMG.New Advances in Antibiotic Treatment for Animals. 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