{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T10:07:34Z","timestamp":1776593254581,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>, commonly involved in canine pyoderma, can be classified as meticillin\u2010susceptible <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSSP<\/jats:styled-content>) or meticillin\u2010resistant <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content>). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content> infections may be difficult to treat due to broad \u03b2\u2010lactam resistance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content> and typically additional multidrug\u2010resistance. Topical antibacterial treatment is the preferred treatment modality for surface and superficial skin infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis\u2044objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mangosteen crude extract containing the antibacterial compound \u03b1\u2010mangostin will have <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> activity against <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSSP<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content> isolated from canine pyoderma<jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Bacterial isolates<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010three samples, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSSP<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a012) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a011), isolated from canine pyoderma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and materials<\/jats:title><jats:p>Minimum inhibitory concentrations (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>s) were determined for mangosteen crude extract by broth microdilution. High\u2010performance liquid chromatography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPLC<\/jats:styled-content>) analysis was used to determine the amount of \u03b1\u2010mangostin in mangosteen crude extract. A time\u2010kill assay was performed at 30\u00a0min and 2\u00a0h after exposure to a high concentration of crude extract (100\u00d7 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>). Antibacterial activity for \u03b1\u2010mangostin was calculated according to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPLC<\/jats:styled-content> results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The concentration of \u03b1\u2010mangostin was 17.72\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.42% w\/w. The mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content> of \u03b1\u2010mangostin towards <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSSP<\/jats:styled-content> was 0.53\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.35\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL, whereas the mean value for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content> was 0.47\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.27\u00a0\u03bcg\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>. There was no difference between the mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content> of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSSP<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.84). After a 30\u00a0min exposure to 100\u00d7 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content> of the crude extract, a 95% reduction in colony forming units was found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that \u03b1\u2010mangostin in mangosteen crude extract was effective in inhibiting <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> (both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSP<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSSP<\/jats:styled-content>). Clinical studies are needed to investigate this effectiveness further <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T04:58:26Z","timestamp":1566536306000},"page":"487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i> antibacterial activity of mangosteen (<i>Garcinia mangostana<\/i> Linn.) crude extract against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/i> isolates from canine pyoderma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-4063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawan","family":"Larsuprom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital Kasetsart University 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nutchaphon","family":"Rungroj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Kasetsart University 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chalermpol","family":"Lekcharoensuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences Kasetsart University 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantima","family":"Pruksakorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Kasetsart University 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumet","family":"Kongkiatpaiboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Discovery and Development Center Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus) Pathumthani 12121 Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asian Veterinary Specialist Referral Center 1F No.109 Section 4 Xin Yi Road Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Udomlak","family":"Sukatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Kasetsart University 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Thailand"},{"name":"Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro\u2010Industrial Product Improvement Institute Kasetsart University 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.63413-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"184","volume-title":"Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology","author":"Miller WH"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2008.00663.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"985","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of canine uropathogens at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Teaching Hospital, 2002\u20132007","volume":"49","author":"Ball KR","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2730"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2012.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-017-8231-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Antityrosinase and antibacterial activities of mangosteen pericarp extract","volume":"23","author":"Tadtong S","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Health Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/W10-122"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2003.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01232-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00165-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2015.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","unstructured":"International Conference on Harmonization.1996\/2005.International Conference on Harmonization Harmonised Tripartite Guideline Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology 1996 Geneva Switzerland. 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