{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T12:33:26Z","timestamp":1764333206026,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of azathioprine (AZA) in dogs is limited by the potential for hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence of AZA\u2010associated hepatotoxicity in dogs with dermatological conditions receiving alternate\u2010day AZA. The hypothesis was that dogs receiving AZA every other day (EOD) would have a lower prevalence of hepatotoxicity compared to published data for dogs receiving daily AZA. A secondary aim was to determine the prevalence of AZA\u2010associated myelosuppression over the same time period and population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010one client\u2010owned dogs with dermatological conditions treated with AZA EOD and glucocorticoids with clinical and haematological follow\u2010up available for a minimum of two months of AZA therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective analysis of data from April 1994 to July 2020. Hepatotoxicity was defined as elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at least twofold above the reference range.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Azathioprine\u2010associated hepatotoxicity was observed in two of 41 dogs (4.9%), with onset at 18 and 40\u2009days, respectively. One dog receiving AZA at 1.9\u00a0mg\/kg EOD had a fourfold increase in ALT. The other dog (AZA dose 2.3\u00a0mg\/kg EOD) had a 30\u2010fold increase in ALT. Azathioprine was not associated with thrombocytopenia, anaemia or neutropenia in any dogs. Lymphopenia developed in one dog (2.4%) with onset at 105\u2009days.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alternate\u2010day AZA administration with tapering glucocorticoids was well\u2010tolerated in dogs with dermatological conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.13115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T11:24:33Z","timestamp":1661340273000},"page":"503-508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence of hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression with alternate day use of azathioprine and glucocorticoids for treatment of dermatological conditions in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4023-9636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurrielle C.","family":"Eberhardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McKeever Dermatology Clinics  Eden Prairie Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4216-388X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole A.","family":"Heinrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McKeever Dermatology Clinics  Eden Prairie Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rendina A.","family":"McFadden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McKeever Dermatology Clinics  Eden Prairie Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa V.","family":"Reiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McKeever Dermatology Clinics  Eden Prairie Minnesota 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