{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T19:45:55Z","timestamp":1778183155676,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the clinical features were described recently, the histopathological characterisation of trunk\u2010dominant canine pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is lacking, and whether it differs from classic facial or insecticide\u2010triggered PF is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study describes the histopathological findings of trunk\u2010dominant PF, and compares the results to classic facial and insecticide\u2010triggered PF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Skin biopsies from 103 dogs with clinically characterised trunk\u2010dominant (n\u2009=\u200933), classic facial (n\u2009=\u200926) and insecticide\u2010triggered PF (n\u2009=\u200944) were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Histological sections, randomised and blinded, were scored for over 50 morphological parameters of pustules, epidermis, dermis, adnexa and crusts. Intact pustule area and width were measured by digital microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In trunk\u2010dominant PF, 77 intact pustules were predominantly subcorneal (0.0019\u20131.940\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> area, 0.0470\u20134.2532\u2009mm wide), and contained from one to over 100 acantholytic keratinocytes. Pustules had boat acantholytic cells, corneocytes, perinuclear eosinophilic rings, neutrophil rosettes, acantholytic cell necrosis, rafts, cling\u2010ons and\/or eosinophils. Peripustular epidermal spongiosis, necrosis and lymphocyte exocytosis occurred, as did follicular pustules. Mixed dermal inflammation often contained eosinophils. Trunk\u2010dominant PF did not differ from the other PF groups except for few parameters, such as having fewer rafts (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Additional autoimmune inflammatory patterns occurred in all PF groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trunk\u2010dominant PF and other canine PF variants are histologically similar, which indicates shared pathomechanisms. The identification of common boat acantholytic cells and corneocyte separation has implications for the mechanisms of acantholysis. The diversity of histopathological and polyautoimmunity features support complicated immune mechanisms. Finally, results indicate that diagnostic biopsies cannot differentiate between these PF variants in dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.13174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T03:20:06Z","timestamp":1686799206000},"page":"425-440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Histopathological characterisation of trunk\u2010dominant canine pemphigus foliaceus, and comparison with classic facial and insecticide\u2010triggered forms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0224-9144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie Katharina Yvonne","family":"Gedon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina 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