{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T02:07:43Z","timestamp":1773022063939,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758412800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Apoptotic keratinocytes have been described with canine epitheliotropic cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma (eCTCL) without further detailed characterisation of this feature.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n This study aims to characterise confirmed eCTCL cases enriched with apoptotic keratinocytes as a novel cytotoxic variant of canine eCTCL.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Animals<\/jats:title>\n Canine eCTCL cases from a veterinary pathology diagnostic laboratory database were searched from 2018 to 2024.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Haematoxylin and eosin\u2010stained slides were examined for evidence of lymphocytes, apoptotic keratinocytes with lymphocytic satellitosis, and epitheliotropism in the lower half of the epidermis and adnexal structures by a board\u2010certified veterinary pathologist. Immunohistochemical (\n IHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) staining for\n CD3<\/jats:styled-content>\n and CD20 was performed in addition to clinical follow\u2010up with response to treatment, and\n PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n for Antigen Receptor Rearrangement (\n PARR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) assay (T and B cell).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Six cases with representative features were identified. Various breeds were affected with a median age of 10\u2009years at presentation. Skin lesions included generalised crusting, scaling, erythema and erosions\/ulcerations; mucocutaneous junctions were involved in three of six dogs. Histopathological results confirmed an interface cytotoxic pattern\n eCTCL<\/jats:styled-content>\n in all cases, marked by lymphocytic epitheliotropism and apoptotic keratinocytes.\n IHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n staining demonstrated >\u200990% strong\n CD3<\/jats:styled-content>\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T\u2010cell immunoreactivity in the epidermis and follicular epithelium in all cases. All six confirmed cases showed clonality for the T\u2010cell receptor gene using\n PARR<\/jats:styled-content>\n analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n \n This cytotoxic variant of canine\n eCTCL<\/jats:styled-content>\n clinically and histologically can resemble other cutaneous diseases with cytotoxic dermatitis (e.g., hyperkeratotic erythema multiforme).\n IHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n and clonality testing and monitoring response to treatment may be necessary for definitive diagnosis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.70029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T01:10:08Z","timestamp":1758503408000},"page":"257-268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical, Histopathological and Molecular Characterisation of Canine Epitheliotropic Cutaneous T\u2010Cell Lymphoma With Cytotoxic Interface Dermatitis: A Retrospective Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9401-8742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coastal Virginia Veterinary Dermatology Virginia Beach Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4785-4121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Banovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7458-7435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Pariser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coastal Virginia Veterinary Dermatology Virginia Beach Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5884-5377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Trainor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovative Vet Path Leawood Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470752487"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2008.00176.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2009.00793.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"811","volume-title":"Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology","author":"Miller W. 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J.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(94)90216-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2006.tb00756.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858221140818"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2016.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.159626"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15624"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2007.00582.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"Avery A. Colorado State University Clinical Hematopathology Laboratory \u201cColorado Springs: FAQs What Is the Sensitivity and Specificity of the PARR Assay? \u201d(2025) https:\/\/vetmedbiosci.colostate.edu\/chl\/faqs\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12020160"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858231195080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.13141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12142"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12852"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"609","volume-title":"Jubb, Kennedy & Palmer's Pathology of Domestic Animals","author":"Maxie G.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","first-page":"1108","volume-title":"Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease\u2010e\u2010Book","author":"Zachary J. F.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Cutaneous T\u2010Cell Epitheliotropic Lymphoma","volume":"64","author":"Pye C.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/cco.2018.11.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870802000623"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vde.70029","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vde.70029","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vde.70029","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T01:46:36Z","timestamp":1773020796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vde.70029"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vde.70029"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vde.70029","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-4493","1365-3164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-4493","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3164","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}