{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T21:01:00Z","timestamp":1773867660045,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758153600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antimicrobial stewardship has become vital given the progressive emergence of multidrug\u2010resistant bacteria, and novel approaches to the treatment of bacterial infections are needed. Recently, reported synergistic effects of antibacterial drugs and bacteriophage therapy have revealed promising applications for the management of meticillin\u2010resistant staphylococcal infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The objective of this study was to investigate the response of meticillin\u2010resistant\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (MRSP) to treatment with a newly isolated, lytic MRSP\u2010specific bacteriophage. Furthermore, a postulated synergism between phage and fusidic acid was examined in a canine ex\u00a0vivo dermis model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Skin was harvested from the lateral thorax of a euthanised dog, clipped, the subcutis removed, and epidermis cleaved via a modified salt\u2010split technique. The ex\u00a0vivo dermis model established in Franz diffusion cells was inoculated with 1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                      colony\u2010forming units (cfu) of a clinical MRSP strain for 16\u2009h. Then, experimental groups were treated with phage vB_SpsS_LmqsKl44\u20104 at a concentration of 2\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                      plaque\u2010forming units and fusidic acid 0.4\u2009mg alone or in combination for an additional 8\u2009h.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histopathological results showed that colonies of MRSP reached the superficial dermis and entered hair follicles. Co\u2010treatment with fusidic acid and phage significantly reduced the amount of MRSP after 8\u2009h.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, topical co\u2010treatment with fusidic acid and a phage could be a promising approach to the treatment of canine MRSP pyoderma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.70030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T04:29:45Z","timestamp":1758256185000},"page":"200-210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bacteriophage and Fusidic Acid Have Synergistic Effect Against Meticillin\u2010Resistant\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    in Ex\u00a0Vivo Canine Dermis Model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5114-9946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Ehling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Small Animal Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Peh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0596-4979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilke","family":"Oltmanns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology Und Pharmacy University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7263-848X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Meissner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology Und Pharmacy University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Kittler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2592-6868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Puff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jutta","family":"Verspohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Microbiology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"M\u00fcsken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Facility for Microscopy Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research \u2013 HZI  Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Pl\u00f6tz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea Vanessa","family":"Volk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Small Animal Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-024-10508-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.001300"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2010.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6680"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.02827.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro821"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8010011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2018.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2011.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2012.01050.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0240-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1270-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1449-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00066-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"391","article-title":"A Bacteriophage Cocktail Targeting \n                     Escherichia coli\n                   Reduces \n                     E. coli\n                   in Simulated Gut Conditions, While Preserving a Non\u2010Targeted Representative Commensal Normal Microbiota","volume":"9","author":"Cieplak T.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/1886.2023.00064"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03212-23"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1356179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000799"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16121638"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11050570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/phage.2022.0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.524059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11121143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-019-09940-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2018.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00234"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"32","volume-title":"CLSI Methods for Determining Bactericidal Activity of Antimicrobial Agents \u2013 5th ed. CLSI Approved Guideline VET01","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Distribution of Virulence Genes in Spa Types of Methicillin\u2010Resistant \n                     Staphylococcus aureus\n                   Isolated From Patients in Intensive Care Units","volume":"31","author":"Kim T.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11020228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1448958"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","unstructured":"Organisation for Economic Co\u2010Operation and Development (OECD) \u201cGuidance Document for the Conduct of Skin Absorption Studies \u201d(2004) http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/ehs\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-7-44"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026119291204000109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.74534"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2011.01361.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13362"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21597081.2016.1220348"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387044-5.00001-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2011.03167.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59806-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15020387"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a025437"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2004.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-023-00245-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00012-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-8811-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","article-title":"Bacteriophage Procurement for Therapeutic Purposes","volume":"7","author":"Weber\u2010D\u0105browska B.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920110790725311"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.13.47"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuab048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.70.841"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2020.113590"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000322306"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00542-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21521\/mw.6042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623316631843"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vde.70030","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vde.70030","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vde.70030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T01:46:57Z","timestamp":1773020817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vde.70030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vde.70030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vde.70030","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-4493","1365-3164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-4493","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3164","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}