{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T20:43:29Z","timestamp":1788381809343,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the most common reasons for emergency medical visits in working police dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred three<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>erman<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>hepherd dogs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s); 138 police dog visits by 74 dogs and 138 pet (control) dog visits by 129 dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical records of all<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s seen in the emergency service (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>) at the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>niversity of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>ennsylvania<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>eterinary<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ospital from July 2008 to July 2010 were reviewed. The recorded diagnoses from police<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD ES<\/jats:styled-content>visits (defined as a new problem or new episode of a recurrent problem) were compared to those of randomly chosen pet<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD ES<\/jats:styled-content>visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significantly more intact male police<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s than pet<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s. Police<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s were significantly younger than pet<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s. The most common presenting complaint in both groups was gastrointestinal disease (eg, vomiting, diarrhea, gastric dilatation and volvulus). Pet<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s were significantly more likely to present for geriatric conditions (eg, central nervous system disease, cardiovascular disease, and neoplastic conditions). Orthopedic issues were significantly more common in police<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Police<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s are more likely to present for orthopedic injuries and less likely to present for geriatric diseases. Gastrointestinal disease is not unique to the working<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>and was equally represented in both populations. Preventative measures for all<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s should focus on minimizing gastrointestinal disease. Preventive strategies focusing on physical fitness and conditioning as well as selective breeding programs may help reduce orthopedic injuries in police<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSD<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T14:11:07Z","timestamp":1381241467000},"page":"591-597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Emergency visits and occupational hazards in<scp>G<\/scp>erman<scp>S<\/scp>hepherd police dogs (2008\u20132010)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Joanna R.","family":"Parr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Critical Care Department of Clinical Studies\u2010Philadelphia &amp; the Penn Vet Working Dog Center School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 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