{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T16:22:53Z","timestamp":1771518173552,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,14]],"date-time":"2019-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the frequency of renal tubular vacuolization (RTV) as a surrogate of osmotic nephrosis and assess hyperosmolar agents as predictors of RTV severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective study (February 2004\u2013October 2014).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Veterinary teaching hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010three client\u2010owned, critically ill dogs that had a postmortem examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>None.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency, severity, and location of RTV were determined in small group of critically ill dogs postmortem. Logistic regression was performed to assess cumulative 6% HES (670\/0.75) and mannitol dose as predictors for RTV severity with presenting serum creatinine concentration, cumulative furosemide dose, and duration of hospitalization as covariates. RTV was noted in 45 (85%) of 53 critically ill dogs and was most commonly located to the medullary rays (68%). Cumulative 6% HES (670\/0.75) dose (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.009) and presenting serum creatinine concentration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.027) were significant predictors of RTV severity. For every 1 mL\/kg increase in 6% HES (670\/0.75) dose that a dog received, there was 1.6% increased chance of having more severe RTV (OR 1.016; 95% CI 1.004\u20131.029). In addition, for every 88.4 \u03bcmol\/L (1 mg\/dL) increase in presenting serum creatinine, there was a 22.7% increased chance of having more severe RTV (OR 1.227; 95% CI 1.023\u20131.472). Cumulative mannitol (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.548) and furosemide (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.136) doses were not significant predictors of RTV severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a small group of critically ill dogs, there was a high frequency of RTV identified on postmortem examination. Administration of 6% HES (670\/0.75) and presenting serum creatinine concentration were significant predictors of RTV severity. Larger prospective studies are needed to determine the etiology and significance of RTV in dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T05:20:01Z","timestamp":1555305601000},"page":"279-287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Postmortem evaluation of renal tubular vacuolization in critically ill dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9383-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Schmid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine  Knoxville TN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel E.","family":"Cianciolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biosciences The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine  Columbus OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth J.","family":"Drobatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies\u2010Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine  Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology\u2010Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine  Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josh M.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Information Technology University of Tennessee  Knoxville TN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley G.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies\u2010Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine  Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2007.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"207","volume-title":"The Kidney: Medical and Surgical Diseases","author":"Allen A.","year":"1962"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Effects of the intravenous administration of hypertonic solution of sucrose with special reference to cerebrospinal fluid pressure","volume":"57","author":"Masserman J.","year":"1935","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2014.926758"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.154.17.1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-199110000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1272\/jnms1923.60.390"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1966.tb04403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"421","article-title":"Light and electron microscopic changes in proximal tubules of rats after administration of glucose, mannitol, sucrose, or dextran","volume":"11","author":"Maunsbach A","year":"1962","journal-title":"Lab Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1935.112.1.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-995935"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07588-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92345-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"395","article-title":"The pathogenesis of cytologic vacuolization in sucrose nephrosis. An electron microscopic and histochemical study","volume":"11","author":"Trump B","year":"1962","journal-title":"Lab Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000179925"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08860220500531286"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Acute renal failure related to intravenous immunoglobulin infusion in an elderly woman","volume":"11","author":"Kwan T","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197011000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1979.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3156-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2840-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070716"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1204242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Fluid resuscitation with hydroxyethyl starches in patients with sepsis is associated with an increased incidence of acute kidney injury and use of renal replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Neto A","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Crit Care."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31824de9ad"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66222-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(01)00873-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001737"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"965","article-title":"Intravascular persistence, tissue storage, and excretion of hydroxyethyl starch","volume":"131","author":"Thompson W","year":"1970","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000129184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00126839-200304060-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0716-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8179"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc7726"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/82.4.510"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.00852.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199005000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","first-page":"1744","article-title":"A nephrotoxic combination: mannitol and furosemide","volume":"10","author":"Plouvier B","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nouv Presse Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1293\/tox.25.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197008000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-198501002-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-198601000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-6386(95)90003-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Renal failure and intravenous immunoglobulin","volume":"37","author":"Phillips A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","first-page":"S3","article-title":"Kidney injury in dogs with hemorrhagic shock treated with hydroxyethyl starch 130\/0.4 or 4% succinylated gelatine","volume":"26","author":"Boyd C","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-995935"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-13455-9_41"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-13455-9_38"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","first-page":"172","article-title":"Effects of dextran 40 on the proximal renal tubule. Studies on transfer maxima of glucose and hippuran in the rat","volume":"142","author":"Engberg A.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2003.tb00332.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04211-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V861028","article-title":"Mannitol\u2010induced acute renal failure","volume":"8","author":"Visweswaran P","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655900750048341"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1994.267.6.F1059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1994.267.6.F1063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1991.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-003-1155-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0552.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fvec.12837","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vec.12837","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vec.12837","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vec.12837","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T17:49:17Z","timestamp":1694368157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vec.12837"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,14]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vec.12837"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vec.12837","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-3261","1476-4431"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-3261","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4431","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-01-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}