{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:17:46Z","timestamp":1780377466662,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the use of the caudal vena cava collapsibility index (CVCCI) as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in hospitalized, critically ill dogs with hemodynamic or tissue perfusion abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Private referral center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010seven critically ill, spontaneously breathing dogs with compromised hemodynamics or tissue hypoperfusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>None.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The electronic medical records were searched for dogs admitted for any cause, from August 2016 to December 2017. We included dogs with ultrasound measurements of: CVCCI, performed at baseline; and velocity time integral (VTI) of the subaortic blood flow, carried out before and after a fluid load. CVCCI was estimated as: (maximum diameter\u2010minimum diameter\/maximum diameter) \u00d7 100. Dogs in which VTI increased \u226515% were considered fluid responders. The CVCCI accurately predicted fluid responsiveness with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.96 (95% CI, 0.88 to 1.00). The optimal cut\u2010off of CVCCI that better discriminated between fluid responders and nonresponders was 27%, with 100.0% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity. At baseline, fluid responders had lower VTI (5.48 [4.26 to 7.40] vs 10.61 [7.38 to 13.23] cm, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.004) than nonresponders. The basal maximum diameter of the caudal vena cava adjusted to body weight was not different between responders and nonresponders (0.050 [0.030 to 0.100] vs 0.079 [0.067 to 0.140] cm\/kg, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.339). The increase in VTI was related to basal CVCCI (<jats:italic>R\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.60, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.001). Bland\u2013Altman analysis showed narrow 95% limits of agreement between measurements of CVCCI and VTI performed by different observers or by the same observer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this small cohort study suggest that CVCCI can accurately predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill dogs with perfusion abnormalities. Further research is necessary to extrapolate these results to larger populations of hospitalized dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T13:02:47Z","timestamp":1602853367000},"page":"677-686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Caudal vena cava collapsibility index as a tool to predict fluid responsiveness in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3618-6658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo A.","family":"Donati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4259-4065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan M.","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Ardiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Service Surgery Department Non\u2010sponsored Research Area Research Department Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliana C.","family":"Guillemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8023-926X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonel","family":"Londo\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida  Gainesville Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaldo","family":"Dubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Applied Pharmacology Faculty of Medical Sciences National University of La Plata  La Plata Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2014.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-017-0460-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4832-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181feeb15"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066608329850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12477"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318275cece","article-title":"Lactate and venoarterial carbon dioxide difference\/arterial\u2010venous oxygen difference ratio, but not central venous oxygen saturation, predicts increase in oxygen consumption in fluid responders","volume":"41","author":"Monnet X","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3525-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-016-0216-7"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1407-1","article-title":"Echocardiography as a guide for fluid management. 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