{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:32:20Z","timestamp":1790397140696,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether admission venous plasma lactate concentration, serially calculated lactate variables, or the Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLE<jats:sub>fast<\/jats:sub>) score could discriminate hospital survivors from non\u2010survivors in dogs presenting to the emergency department with clinical signs of shock.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective case series performed over a 24\u2010month period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Large urban private teaching hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010one dogs admitted to the ICU with initial peripheral venous plasma lactate concentration\u00a0&gt;\u00a02.5\u00a0mmol\/L and clinical and hemodynamic parameters consistent with shock.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>None.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements and main results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, temperature, initial venous plasma lactate, and APPLE<jats:sub>fast<\/jats:sub>score were recorded at admission. Lactate concentrations were serially recorded at predefined time points and used to calculate lactate variables, including lactime (time lactate\u00a0&gt;\u00a02.5\u00a0mmol\/L), lactate clearance ([lactate<jats:sub>initial<\/jats:sub>\u2013 lactate<jats:sub>delayed<\/jats:sub>]\/ lactate<jats:sub>initial<\/jats:sub>\u00d7 100), and LAC<jats:sub>AREA<\/jats:sub>(area under the lactate concentration versus time curve). Primary outcome was survival to discharge. Overall survival rate was 61%. Admission plasma lactate did not differ between groups (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.28). Lactime was shorter in survivors vs non\u2010survivors (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.03). Lactate clearance at hours (h) 1, 4, 10, and 16 was greater in survivors vs non\u2010survivors (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Final plasma lactate clearance differed between groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). LAC<jats:sub>AREA<\/jats:sub>at time intervals 1 to 4\u00a0hours, 4 to 10\u00a0hours, 10 to 16\u00a0hours, and 16 to 24\u00a0hours was larger in non\u2010survivors vs survivors (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Total LAC<jats:sub>AREA<\/jats:sub>did not differ between groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.51). Admission APPLE<jats:sub>fast<\/jats:sub>was not different between survivors and non\u2010survivors (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.16).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While neither single APPLE<jats:sub>fast<\/jats:sub>nor admission plasma lactate concentration could discriminate between hospital survivors and non\u2010survivors, measures of lactate clearance can prognosticate survival in dogs with shock.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T07:36:33Z","timestamp":1615534593000},"page":"351-359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prospective evaluation of plasma lactate parameters for prognosticating dogs with 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8954-9547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Prittie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency and Critical Care Department The Animal Medical Center 510 East 62nd Street New York 10065 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