{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T23:16:35Z","timestamp":1780528595778,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe patient characteristics of dogs developing spontaneous abdominal effusion in association with anaphylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective study between 2010 and 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>University teaching hospital and referral specialty private practice emergency departments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen dogs presenting to the emergency department for clinical signs suggestive of anaphylaxis with peritoneal effusion documented via ultrasonography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>None.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dogs presented with clinical signs of anaphylaxis including vomiting 12 of 16 (75%), diarrhea 9 of 16 (56%), and collapse 7 of 16 (44%). Physical examination findings included altered mentation 14 of 16 (88%), erythema 2 of 16 (13%), and urticaria 2 of 16 (13%). Historically, 3 of 16 (19%) had just recently been vaccinated, 1 of 16 (6%) had known contact with an insect, and 8 of 16 (50%) had been outdoors prior to the onset of clinical signs, whereas 5 of 16 (31%) had no known triggering event. At presentation, median systolic arterial pressure was 70\u00a0mm Hg (range, 30\u2013210\u00a0mm Hg). Venous blood gas revealed an acidemia with a mean pH of 7.24 \u00b1 0.09, a base deficit of 7.15 \u00b1 7.7\u00a0mmol\/L, and an increased plasma lactate with a mean of 7.35 \u00b1 2.09\u00a0mmol\/L. Bloodwork abnormalities included an increased alanine aminotransferase activity with a mean of 439.2 \u00b1 404.5\u00a0U\/L and an increased gamma\u2010glutamyl transferase activity with a mean concentration of 7.29 \u00b1 4.1\u00a0U\/L. Twelve patients (75%) had gallbladder wall abnormalities on ultrasonography. Eight patients (50%) had abdominocentesis performed. The median PCV of the effusion was 0.29 L\/L (29%; range, 4\u201341) and total plasma protein was 38\u00a0g\/L (3.8\u00a0g\/dL; range, 2.4\u20136.5). Two dogs (12.5%) were euthanized. The remaining 14 dogs (87.5%) survived to discharge, with a mean hospitalization time of 23.7 \u00b1 16.7\u00a0hours.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abdominal effusion should be considered a potential sequela of anaphylaxis in dogs. Therefore, serial monitoring for presence or development of spontaneous abdominal effusion should be considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T10:42:41Z","timestamp":1619692961000},"page":"483-489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Spontaneous abdominal effusion in dogs with presumed anaphylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9301-4078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"April M.","family":"Summers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University Hospital for Animals Cornell University Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7304-3210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Culler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Specialty Hospital of the Carolinas Cary North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5895-1181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.12.981"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S109105"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"R268","article-title":"Hepatic vascular response to anaphylaxis in isolated canine liver","volume":"267","author":"Yamaguchi Y.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2009.00474.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1991.198.06.1014","article-title":"Severe systemic reactions to Hymenoptera stings in three dogs","volume":"198","author":"Cowell A. 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