{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:10:38Z","timestamp":1791331838929,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe a case of concurrent septic pyothorax, peritonitis, and cholecystitis due to <jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> in a dog.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 10\u2010year\u2010old neutered male, medium\u2010sized, mixed\u2010breed dog presented with an acute abdomen. Initial investigations found the presence of a septic pyothorax, septic peritonitis, and bacterial cholecystitis. Exploratory celiotomy did not identify the source of infection, and no macroscopic communication between pleural and peritoneal space was detected. An abdominal Jackson\u2010Pratt drain and bilateral small\u2010bore thoracostomy tubes were placed for further management, with the dog receiving antimicrobial therapy and intensive supportive care. Subsequently, microbiological cultures confirmed scant growth of <jats:italic>S. pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> in bile, pleural, and peritoneal fluid. The dog was discharged after 1\u00a0week of hospitalization. Antimicrobial therapy was discontinued 4\u00a0weeks after discharge due to an improvement of clinical signs and normalization of C\u2010reactive protein concentration. A diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism was made 6\u00a0weeks after discharge, and appropriate therapy was initiated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>New or Unique Information Provided<\/jats:title><jats:p>Septic peritonitis and septic pyothorax are both common life\u2010threatening conditions in veterinary medicine. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, this is the first report describing septic bicavitary effusion associated with a biliary staphylococcal infection in a dog. The exact mechanism by which the infection spread remains unclear, but hematogenous or lymphatic routes are considered the most probable. However, the presence of microscopic diaphragmatic defects and an anicteric gallbladder rupture cannot completely be excluded. The concurrent hyperadrenocorticism may have also contributed to an immunocompromised state, predisposing the dog to the development of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T12:34:54Z","timestamp":1730723694000},"page":"585-591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Bicavitary septic effusion associated with staphylococcal cholecystitis in a dog"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0367-259X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Mattavelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Services The Royal Veterinary College, The University of London  Hatfield 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