{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T05:08:05Z","timestamp":1739855285644,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate if variation in the end\u2010tidal CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> partial pressure (\u2206P<jats:sc>etco<\/jats:sc><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) after a fluid challenge could predict fluid responsiveness with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 70% in healthy anesthetized and mechanically ventilated dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnostic accuracy study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>University hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010seven dogs admitted for neutering.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>To obtain a balanced sample between fluid responder and nonresponder dogs, a 10\u2010mL\/kg lactated Ringer's solution was administered over 15\u00a0minutes to half of the population before the baseline measurements. All animals then received a fluid challenge of 10\u00a0mL\/kg lactated Ringer's solution in 5\u00a0minutes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The velocity\u2013time integral of aortic blood flow (VTI<jats:sub>Ao<\/jats:sub>) was evaluated with Doppler echocardiography before and after a fluid challenge to classify the included dogs as fluid responders or nonresponders. Fluid responsiveness was defined as an increase of \u226515% of the VTI<jats:sub>Ao<\/jats:sub> after the fluid challenge. P<jats:sc>etco<\/jats:sc><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was evaluated at 1, 5, and 10\u00a0(T1,\u00a0T5,\u00a0T10)\u00a0minutes after fluid expansion. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis was used to assess the ability of \u2206P<jats:sc>etco<\/jats:sc><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to predict fluid responsiveness at different time points. A total of 13 dogs were fluid responders, and 14 were nonresponders. The best predictive capacity for \u2206P<jats:sc>etco<\/jats:sc><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was observed at T10. The AUROC with its 95% confidence interval (CI) for \u2206P<jats:sc>etco<\/jats:sc><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> at T10 was 0.75 (0.56\u20130.93), with a sensitivity of 84.62% (95% CI, 54.60\u201398.10), a specificity of 64.29% (95% CI, 35.10\u201387.20), a positive predictive value of 68.80% (95% CI, 41.30\u201389.00), and a negative predictive value of 81.80% (95% CI, 48.20\u201397.70). The optimal cutoff was 1\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study showed that, although minimal, \u2206P<jats:sc>etco<\/jats:sc><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> predicted fluid responsiveness in the dogs studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T08:09:49Z","timestamp":1733386189000},"page":"19-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of change in end\u2010tidal CO<sub>2<\/sub> after fluid challenge as a marker of fluid responsiveness as measured by the aortic velocity time integral in healthy anesthetized mechanically ventilated 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