{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:35:46Z","timestamp":1790199346767,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To prospectively compare the shock index (SI) in a population of healthy cats with a population of cats presenting to the emergency room (ER) deemed to be in a state of shock.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort study of cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>University teaching hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010seven healthy control cats were enrolled to establish a reference interval, and 27 cats were enrolled that were presented to the ER with clinical signs of shock. Shock was defined as abnormalities in at least 2 of the following inclusion criteria: plasma lactate concentration &gt; 2.5\u00a0mmol\/L; peripheral vasoconstriction (at least 2 of the following parameters: capillary refill time &gt;3\u00a0s, rectal\u2010interdigital temperature gradient [RITG] &gt;8\u00b0C, femoral pulse not palpable, pale mucous membranes); or systolic blood pressure (SBP) &lt; 100\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upon presentation, SI (SI\u00a0=\u00a0heart rate [HR]\/SBP), HR, SBP, and RITG were recorded in both groups, along with peripheral venous blood sampling for lactate measurement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean SI in the control group was 1.47\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 and was 1.87\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.47 in the shock group (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a00.001). Using equality in sensitivity and specificity of 0.7, an SI cutoff point of 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49\u20130.86) was determined with an estimated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.65\u20130.90). HR, plasma lactate concentration, and RITG did not differ between the groups. Systolic arterial blood pressure (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.01), rectal temperature (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02), and interdigital temperature (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.04) differed significantly.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SI is a noninvasive, easy, and reliable parameter for distinguishing cats in shock from normal cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  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