{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:27:23Z","timestamp":1791926843052,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize serum total bilirubin (TBil) value within 72 h of admission in cats and dogs with septic peritonitis or pyothorax and its relationship with outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional retrospective study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>University teaching hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen cats with pyothorax, 28 cats with septic peritonitis, 49 dogs with pyothorax, and 86 dogs with septic peritonitis were included. Patients with evidence of hemolytic anemia, hepatic, or biliary disease were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>TBil within 72 h of admission, normalized to a range of 0\u20134.2\u00a0\u00b5mol\/L (0\u20130.25\u00a0mg\/dL) for dogs and 0\u20135.1\u00a0\u00b5mol\/L (0\u20130.30\u00a0mg\/dL) for cats (nTBil), length of hospitalization, and outcome (survived to discharge, euthanized, or cardiopulmonary arrest [CPA]) were recorded in each group of animals. The difference in nTBil between outcome groups was assessed using a Kruskal\u2013Wallis test, and the difference in mortality between normobilirubinemic and hyperbilirubinemic patients was assessed using a <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median (range) nTBil and frequency of hyperbilirubinemia were 6.3 (70.8) \u00b5mol\/L (0.37 [4.14] mg\/dL) and 82% in cats with septic peritonitis and 3.1 (120.3) \u00b5mol\/L (0.18 [7.04] mg\/dL) and 56% in cats with pyothorax. The median nTBil was significantly higher in cats that were euthanized or had CPA compared with survivors. Mortality was significantly higher in hyperbilirubinemic cats (48%) compared with normobilirubinemic cats (9%). There was no significant difference in median nTBil between dogs that survived, were euthanized, or had CPA. Mortality was significantly higher in hyperbilirubinemic dogs (45%) compared with normobilirubinemic dogs (28%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hyperbilirubinemia is common in cats and dogs with pyothorax and septic peritonitis and is associated with an increased mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.70007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T16:36:26Z","timestamp":1753806986000},"page":"408-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Retrospective Evaluation of Hyperbilirubinemia in Cats and Dogs With Septic Peritonitis or Pyothorax"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8967-7663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederick John","family":"Benham\u2010Crosswell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College  North Mymms Hertfordshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nieka Orire Arthur","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College  North Mymms Hertfordshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia Joy","family":"Hjalmarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College  North Mymms Hertfordshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen R.","family":"Humm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College  North Mymms Hertfordshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"518","volume-title":"Small Animal Critical Care Medicine","author":"Boller E.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X18792106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1024\/0036-7281\/a000356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0552.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066613488739"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.236.1.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.2134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1253227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2013.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques","author":"Han J.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082946"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vec.70007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T04:51:53Z","timestamp":1759467113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vec.70007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vec.70007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vec.70007","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-3261","1476-4431"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-3261","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4431","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}