{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T00:22:39Z","timestamp":1759537359585,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":72,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To illustrate the use of the ARDSVet (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndromes in Veterinary Medicine) definitions in small and large animal patients using a case\u2010based approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Etiology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in veterinary patients is triggered by a wide range of clinical insults. These include probable risk factors such as systemic inflammation, pancreatitis, and sepsis, as well as possible risk factors such as blood transfusions and ventilator\u2010induced lung injury. These conditions may lead to diffuse alveolar damage and increased pulmonary capillary permeability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Diagnosis<\/jats:title><jats:p>ARDS remains challenging to diagnose, particularly in veterinary patients with variable resources. The updated ARDSVet definitions offer a structured framework based on five criteria: a known or suspected risk factor, onset of respiratory distress within 1\u00a0week, exclusion of cardiogenic edema and volume overload, thoracic imaging (including point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound) demonstrating diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, and impaired oxygenation assessed by PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> or SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> ratios. Case vignettes highlight revised oxygenation thresholds, expanded use of point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound, and the role of advanced respiratory support techniques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Therapy<\/jats:title><jats:p>ARDS treatment is primarily supportive, focusing on oxygen supplementation, high\u2010flow nasal oxygen, and\/or mechanical ventilation, along with management of the underlying cause. While ARDSVet does not offer formal treatment guidelines, case vignettes illustrate how supportive strategies may be adapted across disease stages without endorsing any specific therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Prognosis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prognosis in animals with ARDS is influenced by the severity of respiratory compromise, the underlying cause, and the timelines of appropriate interventions. The updated definitions will aid clinicians in early and timely recognition of ARDS, although further studies are needed to assess its impact on clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.70015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T14:40:11Z","timestamp":1757601611000},"page":"339-345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Applications of the ARDSVet (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndromes in Veterinary Medicine) Definitions in Small and Large Animal Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Tereza","family":"Stastny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Bedenice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University  North Grafton Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JoAnn","family":"Slack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Kennett Square Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anusha","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Emergency Group  White Plains New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah C.","family":"Silverstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2024.307603"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2007.00238.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201503-0584OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119617228"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vec.70015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T04:51:43Z","timestamp":1759467103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vec.70015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vec.70015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vec.70015","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-3261","1476-4431"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1479-3261"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-4431"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}