{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:17:26Z","timestamp":1787498246151,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,12]],"date-time":"2013-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate whether idiopathic Horner's syndrome (\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in Golden Retrievers is an exclusively preganglionic disorder based on denervation hypersensitivity pharmacological testing with phenylephrine.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Animals Studied<\/jats:title>\n \n Medical records of dogs presented with\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n between 2000 and 2012. Dogs presented with additional ocular or systemic signs were excluded.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Procedures<\/jats:title>\n Clinical data examined included age, sex, duration of clinical signs, ancillary diagnostic test results, and time to mydriasis on topical ocular application of 1% phenylephrine. Lesions were diagnosed as postganglionic (mydriasis within 20\u00a0min) or preganglionic (mydriasis between 20 and 45\u00a0min).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Medical records of 21 dogs of nine different breeds were included. An etiopathogenesis for Horner's syndrome was determined in five dogs, none of which were Golden Retrievers. All diagnoses correlated with pharmacological lesion localization. Ten Golden Retrievers were included (eight male and two female) with a mean age of 8.5\u00a0years (range: 4\u201313). Lesion localization was diagnosed as postganglionic in eight (mean: 10\u00a0min [range: 6\u201318]) and preganglionic in two Golden Retrievers (20 and 24\u00a0min). All cases were unilateral and had completely resolved within 15\u00a0weeks (range: 11\u201320). Recurrence was not reported in any of the patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Idiopathic postganglionic\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n was diagnosed in eight of 10 Golden Retrievers contradicting previous reports of a purely preganglionic localization. Etiopathogenesis of canine idiopathic\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n remains to be determined; nevertheless, a vascular etiology cannot be excluded. Future studies using magnetic resonance angiography may aid in clarifying the pathogenesis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,12]],"date-time":"2013-09-12T07:41:13Z","timestamp":1378971673000},"page":"1-5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Neuropharmacological lesion localization in idiopathic\n H<\/scp>\n orner's syndrome in Golden Retrievers and dogs of other breeds"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals Six Mile Bottom Cambridgeshire CB8 0UH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ES UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giunio B.","family":"Cherubini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals Six Mile Bottom Cambridgeshire CB8 0UH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1998.00003.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1096","article-title":"Horner's syndrome in dogs and cats: 49 cases (1980\u20131986)","volume":"194","author":"Morgan RV","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-200020040-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1987.tb01317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"Horner's syndrome in dogs and cats: 100 cases 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