{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T18:04:54Z","timestamp":1788199494573,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":132,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,20]],"date-time":"2015-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SARDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) is one of the leading causes of currently incurable canine vision loss diagnosed by veterinary ophthalmologists. The disease is characterized by acute onset of blindness due to loss of photoreceptor function, extinguished electroretinogram with an initially normal appearing ocular fundus, and mydriatic pupils which are slowly responsive to bright white light, unresponsive to red, but responsive to blue light stimulation. In addition to blindness, the majority of affected dogs also show systemic abnormalities suggestive of hyperadrenocorticism, such as polyphagia with resulting obesity, polyuria, polydipsia, and a subclinical hepatopathy. The pathogenesis of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SARDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is unknown, but neuroendocrine and autoimmune mechanisms have been suggested. Therapies that target these disease pathways have been proposed to reverse or prevent further vision loss in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SARDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010affected dogs, but these treatments are controversial. In\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ovember 2014, the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    merican\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ollege of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    eterinary\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    phthalmologists'\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ision for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    nimals\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    oundation organized and funded a\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    hink\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ank to review the current knowledge and recently proposed ideas about disease mechanisms and treatment of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SARDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . These panel discussions resulted in recommendations for future research strategies toward a better understanding of pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and potential therapy for this condition.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,20]],"date-time":"2015-06-20T04:51:12Z","timestamp":1434775872000},"page":"319-331","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (\n                    <scp>SARDS<\/scp>\n                    ) \u2013 a review and proposed strategies toward a better understanding of pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8845-0588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e1s M.","family":"Kom\u00e1romy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University 736 Wilson Road East Lansing MI 48824 USA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania 3900 Delancey Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth L.","family":"Abrams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Care for Animals 42 Benefit Street Warwick RI02886 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Heckenlively","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan 1000 Wall Street Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven K.","family":"Lundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan 300 North Ingalls Building Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Maggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine University of California\u2010Davis 1 Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline M.","family":"Leeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences College of Agriculture and Life Sciences 175 West Campus Drive, MC 0306, 3280 Litton Reaves Hall Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puliyur S.","family":"MohanKumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon M.","family":"Petersen\u2010Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University 736 Wilson Road East Lansing MI 48824 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David V.","family":"Serreze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory 600 Main Street Bar Harbor ME 04609 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"van der Woerdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Animal Medical Center 510 East 62nd Street New York NY 10065 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Idiopathic photoreceptor cell degeneration in dogs","volume":"26","author":"Vainisi SJ","year":"1985","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Metabolic toxic retinopathy \u2013 preliminary 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