{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:08:43Z","timestamp":1785427723132,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]],"date-time":"2016-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>To analyze the change in prevalence and incidence of hereditary eye diseases (HED<\/jats:styled-content>) in dachshunds due to breeding regulations based on biennial examinations performed by the German panel of veterinary ophthalmologists (DOK<\/jats:styled-content>) from 1998 to 2011.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Animals included<\/jats:title>A total of 12 242 dachshunds examined by the DOK<\/jats:styled-content> and pedigree data of 318 852 dachshunds provided by the German Dachshund Club (DTK<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Procedures<\/jats:title>The prevalence of congenital cataract (CC<\/jats:styled-content>), distichiasis (DIST<\/jats:styled-content>), hereditary cataract (HC<\/jats:styled-content>), persistent pupillary membranes (PPM<\/jats:styled-content>s), persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis \/ persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHTVL<\/jats:styled-content>\/PHPV<\/jats:styled-content>), progressive retinal atrophy (PRA<\/jats:styled-content>), retinal dysplasia (RD<\/jats:styled-content>), and findings such as fiberglass\u2010like cataract (FGC<\/jats:styled-content>) and prominent suture lines (PSL<\/jats:styled-content>s) was analyzed. The significance (P), confidence interval (CI), odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR) and inbreeding coefficients (F) were calculated and P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05 was considered significant. The incidence was evaluated based on affected dogs within birth cohorts from 1993 to 2006.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The prevalent conditions studied were as follows: CC<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5%, DIST<\/jats:styled-content> 6.7%, HC<\/jats:styled-content> 3.9%, PPM<\/jats:styled-content>s 8.4%, PHTVL<\/jats:styled-content>\/PHPV<\/jats:styled-content> 0.4%, PRA<\/jats:styled-content> 1.5%, RD<\/jats:styled-content> 0.2%, FGC<\/jats:styled-content> 2.2%, and PSL<\/jats:styled-content> 1.5%. The incidence of PRA<\/jats:styled-content> decreased significantly from 6.0% to 0.6% for dogs born from 1993 to 2006, while HC<\/jats:styled-content> showed a decreasing trend from 8.7% to 3.1%. More males than females were diagnosed with HC<\/jats:styled-content> and PRA<\/jats:styled-content>. Dachshunds with HED<\/jats:styled-content>s had an F<\/jats:italic> that was not significantly higher than that of healthy dachshunds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>The decreasing incidence of PRA<\/jats:styled-content> and HC<\/jats:styled-content> in dachshunds supports the use of frequent HED<\/jats:styled-content> examinations in combination with breeding control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]],"date-time":"2016-04-13T11:30:19Z","timestamp":1460547019000},"page":"114-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The effect of repeated eye examinations and breeding advice on the prevalence and incidence of cataracts and progressive retinal atrophy in German dachshunds over a 13\u2010year period"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Koll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction Veterinary Faculty Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Veterin\u00e4rstr. 13 Munich Germany"},{"name":"Royal Veterinary College University of London Hawkshead Lane North Mymms Herfordshire AL9 7TA UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Reese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Veterinary Faculty Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Veterin\u00e4rstr. 13 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivica","family":"Medugorac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Animal Genetics and Husbandry Veterinary Faculty Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Veterin\u00e4rstr. 13 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten U.","family":"Rosenhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dortmunder Kreis \u2013 Association for Diagnosis of Inherited Eye Diseases in Animals (DOK) Hoher Wall 20 44137 Dortmund Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick F.","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Veterinary College University of London Hawkshead Lane North Mymms Herfordshire AL9 7TA UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"K\u00f6stlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction Veterinary Faculty Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Veterin\u00e4rstr. 13 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"ECVO.ECVO Manual: ECVO Scheme.European College of Veterianry Ophthalmologists 2016; URL:http:\/\/www.ecvo.org\/inherited-eye-diseases\/ecvo-manual[accessed on 31 January 2016]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"DOK.Dortmunder Kreis e.V.2009; URL:http:\/\/www.dok-vet.de\/[accessed on 25 November 2013]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"DTK.Zucht\u2010 und Eintragungsbestimmungen (regulations for breeding and registration). 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