{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:32:09Z","timestamp":1789990329739,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]],"date-time":"2016-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20GM103452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the clinical exam findings, treatment and outcomes of 16 dogs diagnosed with ocular onchocerciasis in New Mexico.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Records of dogs diagnosed by the primary author were reviewed (2011\u20132015). Records that were accessible and included a diagnosis of<jats:italic>Onchocerca lupi<\/jats:italic>by histopathologic or molecular identification of the nematode were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen cases were included. 3\/16 dogs were treated with year\u2010round heartworm prophylaxis prior to infection. Clinical exam findings included conjunctival hyperemia and\/or episcleral injection (16\/16), focal subconjunctival mass(es) (14\/16), retinal detachment (7\/16), corneal edema (4\/16), chemosis (3\/16), corneal opacity (2\/16), exophthalmia (1\/16), glaucoma (1\/16), strabismus (1\/16), blepharospasm (1\/16), and vitreal degeneration (1\/16). Ocular involvement was unilateral in 7\/16 dogs and bilateral in 9\/16 dogs. The diagnosis was confirmed via histologic identification of the nematodes and\/or<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>. Treatment consisted of medical management or a combination medical and surgical management. Known or suspected recurrence of disease was documented in 10 dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canine ocular onchocerciasis is endemic in New Mexico. Histopathology and molecular identification are useful diagnostic tools. Medical management alone was successful in many cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]],"date-time":"2016-09-14T00:46:41Z","timestamp":1473814001000},"page":"349-356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Canine ocular onchocerciasis: a retrospective review of the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of 16 cases in New Mexico (2011\u20132015)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Nancy Johnstone","family":"McLean","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology VCA Veterinary Care Animal Hospital and Referral Center 9901 Montgomery Boulevard NE 87111 Albuquerque NM USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Newkirk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomic Pathobiology Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences University of Tennessee 2407 River 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