{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T16:19:54Z","timestamp":1779293994442,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,11]],"date-time":"2017-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluation of tear production (Schirmer's tear test,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STT<\/jats:styled-content>) and measurement of intraocular pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>) were performed in a population of captive wild ungulates in a Slovenian<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ZOO<\/jats:styled-content>during routine annual health check.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals studied<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 10 fallow deer (<jats:italic>Dama dama<\/jats:italic>), 25 mouflons (<jats:italic>Ovis aries musimon<\/jats:italic>), 20 alpine ibexes (<jats:italic>Capra ibex<\/jats:italic>), and three alpine chamois (<jats:italic>Rupicapra rupicapra<\/jats:italic>) were included in the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tear production was performed by Schirmer's tear test,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>was measured with an applanation tonometer, and ophthalmological examination was conducted with slit\u2010lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Conjunctival swabs were taken and submitted for aerobic bacteriology and for detection of<jats:italic>Chlamydia spp<\/jats:italic>. and<jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>spp. tested by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Average tear production (in mm\/min) was 17.8 \u00b1 3.16 for fallow deer, 17.9 \u00b1 3.87 for mouflons, and 11.7 \u00b1 3.87 for ibexes. Mean intraocular pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>, in mm Hg) was 14.1 \u00b1 2.48 for fallow deer, 14.9 \u00b1 2.20 for mouflons, and 13.1 \u00b1 2.43 for ibexes. For chamois, average tear production and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>were 14.5 \u00b1 3.0 and 10.2 \u00b1 2.5, respectively; this is the first record of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STT<\/jats:styled-content>I and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>in chamois. Bacteriological swabs were positive for bacteria in 100% of the fallow deer, 56% of mouflons, 35% of ibexes, and 100% of chamois. Gram\u2010positive bacteria were predominant.<jats:italic>Moraxella<\/jats:italic>spp.,<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>spp., and<jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>spp. were not detected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reported values were obtained in animals under manual restraint only to be applicative in similar conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,11]],"date-time":"2017-05-11T13:11:40Z","timestamp":1494508300000},"page":"52-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Tear production, intraocular pressure and conjunctival bacterial flora in selected captive wild ruminants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Pavel","family":"Kvapil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ZOO Ljubljana Ve\u010dna pot 70 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno Palackeho t\u0159. 1946\/1 Brno 61200 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Pir\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Care of Poultry Veterinary Faculty University of Ljubljana Gerbi\u010deva 60 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brigita","family":"Slavec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Care of Poultry Veterinary Faculty University of Ljubljana Gerbi\u010deva 60 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Lu\u0161trik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana Ve\u010dna pot 111 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadej","family":"Zemlji\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinarske storitve s.p. 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