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The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and histopathological findings in seven dogs with chronic keratitis caused by microfilariae diagnosed in Brazil. All dogs presented with superficial corneal opacities of varying degrees affecting the perilimbal and central regions of the cornea, with other opaque areas appearing as crystalline deposits and corneal vascularization. The lesions were bilateral and were associated with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate conjunctival hyperemia. There was no history of blepharospasm or pruritus, and no subjects presented with epithelial erosions. Corneal biopsy revealed free microfilariae in the corneal stroma, with varying degrees of inflammation and collagen fiber destruction. The microfilariae were also found in skin lesions by skin snip technique. No adult worms were found in these dogs, and no dogs were on heartworm preventative before diagnosis. Monthly doses of oral ivermectin improved ocular and dermal lesions. One dog showed complete remission with the treatment. The species of the microfilariae was not identified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]],"date-time":"2017-05-16T03:52:46Z","timestamp":1494906766000},"page":"305-311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Keratitis due to microfilariae in dogs: a newly recognized disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica de Oftalmologia Veterin\u00e1ria Oftalmopet Valinhos SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Perlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Veterin\u00e1ria Vetmasters Setor de Oftalmologia S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Nayara Vechiato","family":"Abelha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica de Oftalmologia Veterin\u00e1ria Oftalmopet Valinhos SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos Emilio","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patologia Cl\u00ednica da Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da UNICAMP Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina Almeida","family":"de Goes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Veterin\u00e1ria Vetmasters Setor de Oftalmologia S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lica M. 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