{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T14:26:09Z","timestamp":1788877569123,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe surgical technique, postoperative complications, and visual outcome in penguins after phacoemulsification lens extraction surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals studied<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010one penguins (27 eyes) that had phacoemulsification from 2011 to 2015 at Animal Eye Associates. Species included are as follows: 14 southern Rockhopper (18 eyes, 66.6%), 4 Gentoo (4 eyes, 19%), 2 King (3 eyes, 9.5%), and 1 Chinstrap penguin (2 eyes, 4.8%). Eleven of the penguins were females, and 10 were males with average age at the time of surgery being 27.5\u00a0years (range of 22\u201031\u00a0years).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective study of phacoemulsification cataract surgery patients from 2011 to 2015. Visual outcome was evaluated by veterinary ophthalmologists at postoperative recheck examinations and subjectively by penguin keepers using individual bird surveys and paired<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>tests for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All eyes were functionally visual after surgery and at the time of last follow\u2010up. Based on keeper surveys, 81% (17\/21) of penguins showed immediate improvements in overall quality of life and 90% (19\/21) of penguins exhibited improvement in mobility and behavior within their exhibit following cataract removal. Of the 14 penguins that received 1:5 intracameral atracurium during surgery, 10 (71.4%) had moderate mydriasis, 1 (7.1%) had minimal mydriasis, and 3 (21.4%) showed no effect to the pupil. Seventy percent of the cases had phacoemulsification times less than 60\u00a0seconds\/eye; the mean time was 72\u00a0seconds. Sixteen eyes (59.3%) underwent anterior capsulotomy only, planned anterior and posterior capsulotomies were performed in 3 eyes (11.1%), and the entire lens capsule was removed due to capsular fibrosis and wrinkling in 8 eyes (29.6%). The most common short\u2010term postoperative complication was temporary mild blepharospasm and\/or epiphora, reported in 8 eyes (29.6%) from 7 penguins (33.3%). Long\u2010term complications, 2\u20106\u00a0years postoperatively, included posterior synechiation resulting in dyscoria (10 of 24 eyes, 41.7%) and capsular fibrosis in all penguins with residual lens capsule (19\/19, 100%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prognosis for vision and behavioral improvement after phacoemulsification surgery in penguins is good, with low incidence of vision\u2010threatening complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]],"date-time":"2018-02-07T01:58:40Z","timestamp":1517968720000},"page":"612-621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Technique, postoperative complications, and visual outcomes of phacoemulsification cataract surgery in 21 penguins (27 eyes): 2011\u20102015"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Melanie L.","family":"Church","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Eye Associates Maitland FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Priehs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Eye Associates Maitland FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Denis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Eye Associates Maitland FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Croft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SeaWorld Orlando FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacy","family":"DiRocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SeaWorld Orlando FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SeaWorld Orlando FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"261","article-title":"Ocular findings and reference values for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests in the macaroni penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) and southern rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome)","volume":"21","author":"Bliss C","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"SilaG AquinoS FullerG et\u00a0al.Initial Clinical Experiences with Bilateral Phacoemulsification in Captive Macaroni (Eudyptes chrysolophus) and Southern Rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome) Penguins (abstract). 46th Annual Conference of the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"MarrionR.Cataract Surgery in Birds (abstract). Midwestern Veterinary Ophthalmology Conference New Orleans2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.f5452","article-title":"Cataract surgery restores penguin's sight","volume":"173","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"This penguin can see clearly now; the clouds are gone. DVM3602016:55\u201056."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1983.183.08.872","article-title":"Hereditary cataracts in canaries","volume":"21","author":"Slatter D","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1638\/2015-0071.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"563","volume-title":"Avian Medicine and Surgery","author":"Kern TJ","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457708418243"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"673","volume-title":"Avian Medicine: Principles and Applications","author":"Williams D","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"1775","volume-title":"Veterinary Ophthalmology","author":"Kern T","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118709627"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e32831a98aa"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(92)90031-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27492005000100020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Lens induced uveitis in dogs","volume":"21","author":"Fischer C","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"Lens\u2010induced uveitis","volume":"21","author":"Woerdt A","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(89)90017-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"The effect of len\u2010induced uveitis on the success of extracapsular cataract extraction: a retrospective study of 65 lens removals in the dog","volume":"21","author":"Paulsen M","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.201.06.921","article-title":"Lens\u2010induced uveitis in dogs: 151 cases (1985\u20101990)","volume":"21","author":"Woerdt A","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1638\/2009-0045.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"Aspergillosis in gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) at Edinburgh Zoo, 1968\u20101988","volume":"21","author":"Flach E","year":"1990","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Aspergillosis in captive penguins","volume":"21","author":"Campbell G","year":"1972","journal-title":"Vet Serv Bull Depart Agric Fish"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/20094516"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00362177785190081"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of aspergillosis in temperate penguins","volume":"21","author":"Raidarson T","year":"1992","journal-title":"Erkrant Zootiere"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-0279(73)50053-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1994.55.02.270","article-title":"Comparative use of various mydriatic drugs in kestrels (Falco tinnunculus)","volume":"21","author":"Mikaelian I","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Mydriatic effect of topically applied rocuronium bromide in tawny owls (Strix aluco): comparison between two protocols","volume":"21","author":"Barsotti G","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.248.1.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.1.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2006.00458.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fvop.12555","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.12555","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T04:45:12Z","timestamp":1751345112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vop.12555"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vop.12555"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.12555","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-5216","1463-5224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-5216","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-5224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}