{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:17:41Z","timestamp":1792034261156,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001212","name":"Koret Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005595","name":"University of California","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003483","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the effectiveness of retrobulbar anesthesia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBA<\/jats:styled-content>) and peribulbar anesthesia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBA<\/jats:styled-content>) in dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animal studied<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six adult mixed\u2010breed dogs (18\u201024\u00a0kg).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a randomized, masked, crossover trial with a 10\u2010day washout period, each dog was sedated with intravenously administered dexmedetomidine and administered 0.5% bupivacaine:iopamidol (4:1) as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBA<\/jats:styled-content> (2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> via a ventrolateral site) or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBA<\/jats:styled-content> (5 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> divided equally between ventrolateral and dorsomedial sites). The contralateral eye acted as control. Injectate distribution was evaluated by computed tomography. Following intramuscularly administered atipamezole, corneal and periocular skin sensation, intraocular pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>), and ocular reflexes, and appearance were evaluated for 24\u00a0hours. Comparisons were performed with mixed\u2010effects linear regression (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>) or the exact Wilcoxon signed rank test (scores). Significance was set at <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\u2264<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Injectate distribution was intraconal in 2\/6 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and 4\/6 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010injected eyes. Eyes undergoing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBA<\/jats:styled-content> had significantly reduced lateral, ventral, and dorsal periocular skin sensation for 2\u20103\u00a0hours, and significantly reduced corneal sensitivity for 4\u00a0hours, relative to control eyes. Chemosis and exophthalmos occurred in 33%\u201040% of eyes undergoing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBA<\/jats:styled-content> and 83%\u2010100% eyes undergoing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBA<\/jats:styled-content> but resolved within 14\u00a0hours. Anterior uveitis developed in 2\/6 and 1\/6 eyes of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBA<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively, of them corneal ulcer developed in one eye of each treatment. Both resolved 1\u20103\u00a0days following medical treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peribulbar injection produced notable anesthesia more reliably than did retrobulbar injection. Both techniques may produce adverse effects, although the uveitis\/ulcer could have resulted from the contrast agent used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T13:16:37Z","timestamp":1526390197000},"page":"183-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Retrobulbar vs peribulbar regional anesthesia techniques using bupivacaine in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yael","family":"Shilo\u2010Benjamini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Pascoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Maggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Hollingsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann 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