{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:52:21Z","timestamp":1787500341416,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]],"date-time":"2019-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the efficacy of 0.1% oclacitinib as a single agent, and in combination with tacrolimus 0.01%, for the control of ophthalmic signs of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals studied<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010two dogs (57 eyes) diagnosed with idiopathic KCS were included. Inclusion criteria were Schirmer Tear Test 1 (STT\u20101) values &lt;15\u00a0mm\/min and concurrent clinical signs such as ocular hyperemia and discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The animals were submitted to a randomized, open\u2010label, 5\u2010week study and divided into 3 treatment groups treated with the following ophthalmic solutions: (a) 0.1% oclacitinib, (b) 0.1% oclacitinib +0.01% tacrolimus, and (c) 0.01% tacrolimus. Eye drops were instilled twice daily (12\u2010hour intervals). At each follow\u2010up examination, STT\u20101, clinical signs, and potential drug side effects were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Oclacitinib did not significantly improve STT\u20101 values or clinical scores. Tacrolimus alone and in combination with oclacitinib increased mean STT\u20101 values by 11.84\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.2 and 12.46\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.3\u00a0mm\/min, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.0001). Clinical scores of ocular discharge and hyperemia also improved significantly in both groups receiving treatment with tacrolimus (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). However, addition of oclacitinib to tacrolimus provided no additional improvement over tacrolimus alone.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Topical 0.1% oclacitinib twice daily is not effective in controlling the ocular signs of KCS in dogs. 0.01% tacrolimus increased STT\u20101 values significantly and could potentially be used as a treatment for mild\u2010to\u2010moderate cases of KCS. Synergism between drugs did not occur, and therefore the use of oclacitinib is not justified in cases of canine KCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]],"date-time":"2019-02-06T09:01:18Z","timestamp":1549443678000},"page":"633-643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Comparative efficacy of topical oclacitinib 0.1% and tacrolimus 0.01% in canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Juliana Kravetz","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Bollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nath\u00e1lia Mendon\u00e7a","family":"de Seabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariza","family":"Bortolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3933-8864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiano","family":"Montiani\u2010Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center East Lansing Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2009.00699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Characterization of lacrimal gland lesions and possible pathogenic mechanisms of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs with leishmaniosis","volume":"133","author":"Naranjo C","year":"2005","journal-title":"Veterinary Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02495.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.2001.00122.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-31-3-236"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096032718700600506"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ovj.v8i1.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2007.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-005-3698-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199811000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"376","article-title":"Keratoconjunctivitis sicca: immunological evaluation of 62 canine cases","volume":"46","author":"Kaswan RL","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10520295.2014.930177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"653","article-title":"Effects of cyclosporine on conjunctival mucin in a canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca model","volume":"42","author":"Moore CP","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1998.0570"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5359-5_132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12542"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"The tear film in the dog. 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