{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:41:18Z","timestamp":1788824478395,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identify ocular findings associated with blunt ocular trauma to aid in differentiation from other equine ocular diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case\u2010control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical records of horses at the Equine Clinic Munich\u2010Riem, Munich, Germany and Auburn University, College of Veterinary Medicine were reviewed. Age, sex, breed, laterality, and clinical findings on ophthalmic examination, as well as an observed (confirmed) or unobserved (suspected) history of trauma, were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to identify any correlation between clinical signs and blunt ocular trauma. Fifty\u2010nine clinical signs were evaluated, and their association with blunt ocular trauma and non\u2010traumatic uveitis was determined. The frequency of clinical signs associated with non\u2010traumatic uveitis was also reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010five eyes affected with blunt trauma were included. The comparison group consisted of 233 eyes (168\u00a0horses) diagnosed with non\u2010traumatic uveitis. The most frequent ocular findings after BOT included cataract (36\/55, 65.5%), corneal edema (26\/55, 47.2%), decreased intraocular pressure (23\/55, 41.8%), aqueous flare (19\/55, 34.5%), lens subluxation, luxation, or lens loss (18\/55, 32.7%), fibrin in the anterior chamber (18\/55, 32.7%), hyphema (16\/55, 29.1%), peripapillary depigmentation (\u201cbutterfly lesion\u201d) (16\/55, 29.1%), conjunctival hyperemia (16\/55, 29.1%), corneal fibrosis (15\/55, 27.3%), corpora nigra avulsion (14\/55, 25.5%), blepharospasm (13\/55, 23.6%), and iridodialysis (11\/55, 20.0%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The characteristic pattern of ocular signs associated with blunt ocular trauma may assist in differentiation from other types of uveitis and may improve interpretation of ocular lesions identified during pre\u2010purchase examinations. This study also represents the first peer\u2010reviewed documented and photographed cases of iridodialysis in the horse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T12:27:10Z","timestamp":1625228830000},"page":"52-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical findings associated with blunt ocular trauma in horses: a retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5179-9797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren N.","family":"Charnock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Keys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keys Veterinary Medical Statistical Consulting Athens Georgia 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