{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:34:07Z","timestamp":1778279647341,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the surgical, anesthetic and recovery qualities of horses receiving either a neuromuscular blocking agent (atracurium) or intravenous lidocaine (treatment groups A and L, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals studied<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of thirty horses presented for ocular surgery were used in this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Horses were randomly assigned to receive either atracurium (group A) or a lidocaine constant rate infusion (group L). Surgical quality was graded on a scale from 1 (excellent)\u20105 (poor). While anesthetized, the heart rate, oxygen saturation and mean arterial blood pressure, and end\u2010expiratory carbon dioxide and desflurane concentration were monitored and recorded every 5\u00a0minutes. Recovery was scored on a scale from 10 (best)\u2010115 (worst).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Horses in treatment group A needed significantly less desflurane then horses in treatment group L (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04). Horses in treatment group A had a significantly better surgery score of 1 (1\u20132) (median and range) then horses in treatment group L (2.5; 1\u20135) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02). The quality of recovery was significantly better in horses in treatment group A compared with treatment group L, and horses needed significantly less time to reach the standing position.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atracurium and lidocaine CRI are safe methods of anesthesia for equine patients undergoing ocular surgery. Horses receiving atracurium needed less desflurane and had better surgery and recovery scores than horses receiving a lidocaine constant rate infusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T12:37:30Z","timestamp":1629203850000},"page":"442-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Neuromuscular blockade with atracurium for ophthalmic surgery in horses\u2014Effects on surgical and anesthetic characteristics and recovery quality"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2300-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole M.","family":"Scherrer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine Kennett Square PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Hopster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine Kennett Square PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2012.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2006.00298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"212","article-title":"Clinical use of the neuromuscular blocking agents atracurium and pancuronium for equine anesthesia","volume":"195","author":"Hildebrand SV","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Studies on the pharmacodynamics of curare in the horse: I. Dosage and physio\u2010 logic activity of d\u2010tubocurarine","volume":"14","author":"Booth NH","year":"1953","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Studies on pharmacodynamics of succinylcholine chloride in horses","volume":"126","author":"Belling TH","year":"1955","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221196"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00870.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"1066","article-title":"Neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of atracurium administered to healthy horses anesthetized with halothane","volume":"49","author":"Hildebrand SV","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"1096","article-title":"Neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of atracurium in ponies anesthetized with halothane","volume":"47","author":"Hildebrand SV","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Influence of atracurium on cardiovascular parameters in horses undergoing vitrectomy during general anaesthesia, and on recovery duration and quality","volume":"41","author":"Hopster K","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tier\u00e4rztl Prax (G)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(02)00012-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2007.00380.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-199907000-00045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000151159.55655.CB"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9846(17)30150-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2007.00350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/57.6.550"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.12922","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vop.12922","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.12922","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T16:40:47Z","timestamp":1693327247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vop.12922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vop.12922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.12922","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-5216","1463-5224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-5216","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-5224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}