{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:19:47Z","timestamp":1787015987564,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the clinical findings, imaging features, underlying conditions, treatment, and progression of dogs presented between 2010 and 2019 with neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca (NKCS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dogs diagnosed with NKCS were searched in the clinical database. Inclusion criteria were STT\u20101 readings &lt;15\u00a0mm\/min, clinical signs of KCS with concurrent ipsilateral xeromycteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010four cases were identified. Mean age at presentation was 8.2\u00a0years, median 8.9\u00a0years (0.3\u201314.7). Twenty dogs were male, and 14 dogs were female. Concurrent neurological deficits included facial neuropathy (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a013, 38%), peripheral vestibular syndrome (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a010, 29%), and Horner's syndrome (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a05, 15%). Advanced imaging was acquired in 53% of cases (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a018). Etiologies included idiopathic (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a018, 53%), endocrinopathy (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a06, 18%), otitis interna (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a04, 12%), head trauma (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a03, 9%), iatrogenic (post\u2010TECA\u2010LBO,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01, 3%), brainstem mass (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01, 3%), and an area of inflammation in the pterygopalatine fossa (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01, 3%). Treatment for NKCS was initiated in most cases (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a030, 88%) including: oral pilocarpine 2% and lacrimostimulant (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a019), oral pilocarpine 2% only (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a03), or lacrimostimulant only (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a08). A mean time follow\u2010up of 3.7\u00a0months, median 3\u00a0months (1\u201314) was available in 23 cases (68%). Eleven cases with follow\u2010up were responsive (48%) with resolution of the clinical signs in a median time 4\u00a0months (1\u201310), and all of them were treated with oral pilocarpine (\u00b1lacrimostimulant).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most cases presented as idiopathic NKCS; in others, an underlying cause of facial neuropathy was identified. All responsive cases were treated with oral pilocarpine 2%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T06:47:08Z","timestamp":1638773228000},"page":"140-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca in 34 dogs: A case series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6763-0988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy P.","family":"Galley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Veterinary College (RVC) Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA)  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Beltran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Veterinary College (RVC) Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA)  London 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