{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:24:13Z","timestamp":1761582253621,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to describe placement of a nictitating membrane flap as a treatment for corneal ulceration and bullous keratopathy in two horses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals Studied<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 13\u2010year\u2010old American Saddlebred mare presented for severe corneal edema, superficial stromal ulceration, and a central bulla of the left eye. A 4\u2010year\u2010old Trakhener stallion also presented with a large axial bulla of the left eye with concurrent severe corneal edema and a deep stromal ulcer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>A complete ophthalmic examination was performed. Samples were obtained for corneal cytology, and both horses were started on aggressive medical therapy. Both underwent general anesthesia for placement of a nictitating membrane flap and a subpalpebral lavage system (SPLS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Corneal cytology for each horse revealed a mixed bacterial population. Moderate <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> was cultured from the mare, while <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> species and a few <jats:italic>Enterococcus gallinarum<\/jats:italic> were cultured from the stallion. The bullae in both horses resolved at 3 and 4\u2009weeks and vision returned in the affected eye 4.5 and 3\u00a0months postoperatively at the last follow\u2010up, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aggressive medical management with concurrent placement of a nictitating membrane flap is effective to treat bullous keratopathy in two horses. The described treatments could be used to treat horses that develop severe or progressive bullous corneal lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T07:24:35Z","timestamp":1675495475000},"page":"155-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Treatment of corneal ulceration and bullous keratopathy using a nictitating membrane flap in two horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3214-7600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica B.","family":"Burn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VCA Central Victoria Veterinary Hospital  Victoria British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"Acute bullous keratopathy in a domestic shorthair","volume":"49","author":"Pattullo K","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Acute bullous keratopathy in the cat","volume":"4","author":"Glover TL","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Comp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12367"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"181","article-title":"Bullous keratopathy: a latent complication of chronic corneal disease","volume":"69","author":"Rosenthal JJ","year":"1974","journal-title":"Vet Med Small Anim Clin"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"1295","article-title":"Superficial keratectomy and conjunctival advancement hood flap (SKCAHF) for the management of bullous keratopathy: validation in dogs with spontaneous disease","volume":"35","author":"Horikawa T","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20120830-01"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00864.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/095777309X476925"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3414\/ME12-01-0063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"945","volume-title":"Veterinary Ophthalmology","author":"Hendrix DVH","year":"2013"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"955","article-title":"A modified third eyelid flap procedure (dog, cat)","volume":"19","author":"Helper L","year":"1983","journal-title":"JAAHA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12710"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.1389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000152"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-019-0863-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12527"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2015.1101138"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5650\/jos.ess14275"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.13062","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vop.13062","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.13062","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T16:55:35Z","timestamp":1692723335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vop.13062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vop.13062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.13062","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-5216","1463-5224"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1463-5216"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1463-5224"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}