{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:03:41Z","timestamp":1790640221403,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of equine and canine autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) and amniotic membrane extract eye drops (AMEED) against aerobic bacteria common to the corneal surface.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canine (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094) and equine (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094) anticoagulated whole blood samples were sterilely collected, pooled for each species, and processed using the Arthrex ACP\u00ae Double\u2010Syringe System. Platelet counts were performed on ACP and pooled blood. AMEED were obtained from a commercial source. An electronic medical records search (2013\u20132022) identified aerobic bacteria cultured from canine and equine corneal ulcers at Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine (MSU\u2010CVM). Ten commonly isolated bacteria for each species were collected from cultures submitted to the MSU\u2010CVM Microbiology Diagnostic Service and frozen at \u221280\u00b0C. The Kirby\u2010Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the sensitivities of these isolates to ACP and AMEED. Bacterial isolates were plated onto Mueller\u2010Hinton +5% sheep blood agar and blank sterile discs saturated with 20\u2009\u03bcL of ACP or AMEED were tested in duplicate. Imipenem discs served as positive controls and blank discs as negative controls. Zones of inhibition were measured at 18\u2009h.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ACP platelet counts were 1.06 and 1.65 times higher than blood for equine and canine samples, respectively. Growth of a multi\u2010drug resistant <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> was partially inhibited by canine and equine ACP. AMEED did not inhibit growth of any examined bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canine and equine ACP partially inhibited <jats:italic>E.\u2009faecalis<\/jats:italic> growth in vitro. Further studies using varying concentrations of ACP against bacterial isolates from corneal ulcers are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T05:14:00Z","timestamp":1686806040000},"page":"548-554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In vitro antibacterial efficacy of autologous conditioned plasma and amniotic membrane eye drops"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kelsey M.","family":"Yates","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Mississippi State University  Mississippi State Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie K.","family":"Stilwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine Mississippi State University  Mississippi State Mississippi 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