{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T02:51:31Z","timestamp":1783479091788,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["215S062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["215S062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the effects of propofol (P) alone and in combination with ketamine (KP) at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 on intraocular pressure (IOP) in unpremedicated dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals Studied<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 28 cross\u2010bred healthy dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dogs were randomly assigned to one of four groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097 per group) to receive intravenous P or KP at 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 ratios, respectively. The infusion was administered at 0.6\u2009mg\/kg\/min for 60\u2009min. IOP, cardiorespiratory variables, rectal temperature (RT), and pedal reflex were recorded every 5\u2009min for 60\u2009min, starting from baseline (BL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a statistically significant increase in IOP in all groups: P (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011), KP 1:1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003), KP 1:2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.023), and KP 1:3 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008). The IOP increase was less pronounced in the KP 1:2 group and was only significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.023) at T45 compared with BL. A significant correlation was observed between IOP and SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in P (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212.215, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02), KP 1:2 (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212.579, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01), and KP 1:3 (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212.402, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) groups. IOP significantly increased due to decreased SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> below 86.5% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Propofol alone and in combination with ketamine may increase preexisting IOP in unpremedicated dogs. SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels below 86.5% may trigger an increase in IOP. Administering KP in a 1:2 ratio at an infusion rate of 0.6\u2009mg\/kg\/min does not significantly alter IOP for under 45\u2009min in unpremedicated dogs with sufficient oxygenation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T09:25:53Z","timestamp":1688376353000},"page":"139-147","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of propofol alone or in combination with ketamine on intraocular pressure in unpremedicated dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8855-8847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00fcmin G\u00f6khan","family":"\u015eenocak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Atat\u00fcrk University  Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5890-8271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Latif Emrah","family":"Yanmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University  Burdur Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjaceaccp\/mkn015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12497"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Comparison of propofol, ketamine and ketofol on intraocular pressure in New Zealand white rabbits","volume":"167","author":"Dogan E","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Med Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12400"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00132586-197512000-00041"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"489","article-title":"Anesthesia related hypoxemia. The effect of pulse oximetry monitoring on perioperative events and postoperative complications","volume":"41","author":"M\u00f8ller JT","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dan Med Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-6080(10)32008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00785"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/585218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2007.00584.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"WilliamsL GelattK GumG SamuelsonD MeridethR.Orthograde rapid axoplasmic transport and ultrastructural changes of the optic nerve: Part I.1983."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1964.00970020178008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/18\/2017-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11102844"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"4295","article-title":"Comparison of two sedation protocols on intraocular pressure and hemodynamic responses during colonoscopy","volume":"26","author":"Bayraktaroglu M","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2004.04041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.252.7.823"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.VAA.2019.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.79.12.1093"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"963","volume-title":"Lumb and Jones Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia","author":"Lumb WV","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.VAA.2018.09.043"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"2278","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of ketofol and propofol in dog","volume":"1","author":"Shinde P","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Sci Environ Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.244"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","first-page":"450","article-title":"Canine glaucoma: pathophysiology and diagnosis","volume":"31","author":"Reinstein S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Compendium"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2012.01020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17094\/ataunivbd.996934"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1467-2995.2009.00451.X"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.02.157","article-title":"Respiratory depression and apnea induced by propofol in dogs","volume":"59","author":"Muir W","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.09.1137","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of propofol and thiopental in dogs","volume":"59","author":"Quandt J","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2007.00385.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2009.00482.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102621"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2012.01015.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.13127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,17]],"date-time":"2024-03-17T05:28:06Z","timestamp":1710653286000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vop.13127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vop.13127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.13127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-5216","1463-5224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-5216","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-5224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}