{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:16:57Z","timestamp":1792063017456,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009944","name":"American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists Vision for Animals Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VAF 2023\u20102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VAF 2023\u20102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009944","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the therapeutic effect of 275\u2009nm wavelength ultraviolet C (UV\u2010C) light for treatment of bacterial keratitis in canine corneas using an affordable, broadly available modified handheld device.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>UV\u2010C therapy (UVCT) was evaluated in two experiments: in\u00a0vitro using triplicates of three bacterial genera (<jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> spp., and a mix of all species) where the UVCT was performed at a distance of 10, 15, and 20\u2009mm with 1 or 2 doses (4\u2009h apart) for 5, 15, or 30\u2009s; ex\u00a0vivo model where healthy canine corneal buttons were inoculated superficially and deep (330\u2009\u03bcm) with the same bacterial isolates and treated at a 10\u2009mm distance for 15\u2009s with one dose of 22.5\u2009mJ\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Fluorescent marker (STYO9\u2010PI) was used to label (green\u2009=\u2009live bacteria, red\u2009=\u2009dead bacteria), and confocal microscopy was used to image the bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In vitro results showed all plates treated with UVCT had 100% bactericidal effect for all isolates with single dose of 15\u2009s at 10\u2009mm distance or two doses, 4\u2009h apart at 15\u2009mm and was ineffective with single dose at 15\u201320\u2009mm. The ex\u00a0vivo results confirmed a significant decrease in bacterial load for all isolates on samples inoculated superficially but were inconclusive for intrastromal ones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>UVCT confirmed the therapeutic potential for all tested isolates, for both in\u00a0vitro and ex\u00a0vivo experiments using a single exposure of 15\u2009s. While safety studies are underway, clinical trials are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:40:25Z","timestamp":1723164025000},"page":"699-713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Novel treatment of infectious keratitis in canine corneas using ultraviolet C (UV\u2010C) light"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6765-5800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bactelius","family":"Turicea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipak K.","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8048-7004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Allbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chloe C.","family":"Stinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0091-2037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Kubai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.567"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12698"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.1.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.583965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12801"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12081334"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12091437"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTO.S189115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.952473"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.694998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"MarasiniS.Exploring the Potential of UVC in Treating Superficial Corneal Infections (PhD Thesis). 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