{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T05:29:09Z","timestamp":1774848549111,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009944","name":"American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists Vision for Animals Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10.13039\/100009625"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.13039\/100009625"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009944","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify bacterial communities and quantify endotoxin within different lot numbers and brands of commercially available sterile ophthalmic trypan blue solution commonly used during canine cataract surgery; with the ultimate goal of improving our understanding of possible factors associated with post\u2010operative fibrin web (FW) formation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five samples from two production lots of three different brands of trypan blue (30 samples total) and reagent controls were collected for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction, 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing, sequence analysis, and classification. All samples underwent conventional aerobic and capnophilic bacterial culture. Assays for endotoxin quantification included fluorogenic, kinetic chromogenic, and turbidimetric methods. Statistical analysis assessed DNA concentration, microbial richness, and alpha (\u03b1) and beta (\u03b2) diversity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      an\u2010blue (4\/10), VisionBlue (3\/10), and MONOBLUE Saf\u2010R (3\/10) all cultured at least one organism in each lot number from the enrichment broth. Genera cultured included\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.,\n                      <jats:italic>Lysinibacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.,\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp., and\n                      <jats:italic>Micrococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. Analysis of sequencing data revealed no significant difference in \u03b1\u2010diversity but significant differences in weighted and unweighted measures of \u03b2\u2010diversity (Bray\u2013Curtis and Jaccard distances) between an\u2010blue and VisionBlue samples. Differential abundance testing found\n                      <jats:italic>Halomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Saccharofermentans<\/jats:italic>\n                      to be genus\u2010level biomarkers. Dominant families recovered from sequencing included Bifidobacteriaceae, Christensenellaceae, Clostridiaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillaceae, Oscillospiraceae, Propionibacteriaceae, WCHB1\u201041, and Streptococcaceae. Endotoxin quantification could not be performed at clinically relevant dilutions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant brand\u2010specific differences in relative abundance of shared bacterial taxa were noted between an\u2010blue and VisionBlue.\n                      <jats:italic>Halomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Saccharofermentans<\/jats:italic>\n                      were identified as genus\u2010level biomarkers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.70064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T03:04:10Z","timestamp":1755918250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microbiota Analysis and Standard Culture Identify Bacteria in Ophthalmic Trypan Blue Solution Commonly Used During Canine Cataract Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1759-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron C.","family":"Sieve","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9874-8935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2883-507X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary L.","family":"McAdams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8146-0580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aida","family":"Vient\u00f3s\u2010Plotts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6382-5582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol R.","family":"Reinero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3053-7269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron C.","family":"Ericsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2005.00352.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Veterinary Ophthalmology","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.18-0163"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1999.00073.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Cataracts in 44 Dogs (77 Eyes): A Comparison of Outcomes for no Treatment, Topical Medical Management, or Phacoemulsification With Intraocular Lens Implantation","volume":"52","author":"Lim C. C.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12830"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.2.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.33659"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.06.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2008.22.4.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2016.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2016.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1796_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.11.8.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0939-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","volume-title":"Endotoxin Testing Recommendations for Single\u2010Use Intraocular Ophthalmic Devices: Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff","author":"U. S. Food and Drug Administration","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277753"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13149"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2011.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)80004-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13801"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(03)00573-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.12.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(02)01315-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2017.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-007-9119-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/jovr.v14i3.4781"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/598938"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00558"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12676"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000080107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0209-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14806\/ej.17.1.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0605-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","volume-title":"RCT. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","volume-title":"Tools for Microbiome Analysis in R","author":"Lahti L.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1654-1103.2003.tb02228.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28034-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-020-00160-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19970615)30:3<151::AID-CYTO6>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.13.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00792-004-0390-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.11.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116128"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-014-0087-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-020-0748-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12854"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17534259221097948"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.03.004"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.70064","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vop.70064","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.70064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T03:59:35Z","timestamp":1774843175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vop.70064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vop.70064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.70064","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-5216","1463-5224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-5216","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-5224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70064"}}