{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T15:31:42Z","timestamp":1781969502656,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009227","name":"Iowa State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CVM PG105121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVM PG105121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009227","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess if an inexpensive, commercially available ultraviolet C (UV\u2010C) light device with a peak emission of 275\u2009nm can inhibit equine keratomycosis\u2010associated pathogens located at different corneal depths in an ex\u00a0vivo model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A controlled, randomized experimental design.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Fusarium solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were inoculated in fresh bovine corneoscleral transplants, superficially or at 450\u2009\u03bcm of stromal depth for the ulcerative keratomycosis or stromal abscess model, respectively. After a minimum of 18\u2009h of incubation, treatment groups received 15\u2009s of UV\u2010C light exposure at a 10\u2009mm distance from the corneal surface level (22.5\u2009mJ\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      dose). Fungal inactivation was quantified by determining the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of two fungal viability markers (SYTO 9\u2009=\u2009green\u2009=\u2009alive; PI\u2009=\u2009red\u2009=\u2009dead) utilizing confocal laser scanning microscopy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      UV\u2010C treatment resulted in statistically significantly higher MFI\u2010PI, lower MFI\u2010SYTO 9 and lower normalized MFI ratios (SYTO 9\/[SYTO 9\u2009+\u2009PI]) compared to controls for both isolates irrespective of corneal depth; therefore demonstrating successful fungal inactivation. In superficial location, fungal inhibition reached 88% for both isolates. At deeper corneal depth, fungal inhibition was not significantly different for\n                      <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      (84%) but significantly less complete for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (60%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Corneal UV\u2010C light treatment may offer therapeutic benefits for ulcerative keratomycosis and stromal abscesses in the equine species using doses expected to be safe for corneal exposure based on previously published safety data. Species\u2010specific safety studies are required to ensure that antifungal efficacy aligns with safe clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.70110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T06:55:49Z","timestamp":1765868149000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ultraviolet C (\n                    <scp>UV<\/scp>\n                    \u2010C) Light Therapy Inhibits Pathogens Associated With Equine Keratomycosis at Different Corneal Depths\u2014An Ex\u00a0Vivo Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3268-1301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Hoerdemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3748-3395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dipak K.","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Allbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0091-2037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Kubai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12995"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.07.0440"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042\u20103306.1998.tb04469.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/095777309x400289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.213.01.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463\u20105224.2009.00721.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.02.138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.567"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.06.0431"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12081334"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2022.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2021.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","volume-title":"Exploring the Potential of UVC in Treating Superficial Corneal Infections (PhD Thesis)","author":"Marasini S.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13265"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.70012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162212"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03424\u201022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/php.13419"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3pp25408a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042\u20103306.1994.tb04048.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463\u20105224.2000.00132.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042\u20103292.2012.00440.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2021.100916"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2022.100090"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463\u20105224.2010.00822.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866\u2010015\u20100376\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.326"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463\u20105224.2003.00265.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042\u20103306.2012.00623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12381"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.231.7.1086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046\u2010004\u20106987\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2018.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.2.296"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1991.198.02.251"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/517529"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.70110","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vop.70110","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.70110","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T04:03:28Z","timestamp":1774843408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vop.70110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vop.70110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.70110","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-5216","1463-5224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-5216","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-5224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70110"}}