{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T16:22:23Z","timestamp":1783441343022,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778889600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the effect of orally administered cannabidiol (CBD) on TonoVet measured intraocular pressure (IOP) and Schirmer tear test I (STT) in horses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animal Studied<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Horse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a masked, randomized, balanced cross\u2010over study of six healthy adult horses. Horses were randomly assigned and received 3\u2009mg\/kg CBD in sesame oil or volume matched placebo by mouth once daily for three days. Baseline and daily 4\u2010, 12\u2010, and 24\u2010h post treatment IOPs were measured in triplicate without sedation or eyelid akinesia. Baseline and 24\u2010h post final (day 3) treatment STTs were measured without sedation or eyelid akinesia. After a five\u2010week washout period, horses received the alternate treatment, and measurements were repeated as above.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, there were no clinically relevant differences in IOP with CBD administration. Irrespective of treatment, IOPs were significantly higher in the second treatment period (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009). There were no differences in STT with CBD administration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral CBD administration in healthy horses does not impact rebound tonometry IOP or STT measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.70188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T07:26:13Z","timestamp":1778916373000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short\u2010Term Daily Oral Administration of Cannabidiol Does Not Impact Rebound Tonometry Intraocular Pressure or Schirmer Tear Test Values in Healthy Adult Horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Diehl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Sheridan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Current State of Evidence and Recommendations for Research","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice; Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Cannabis in Veterinary Medicine","author":"American Veterinary Medical Association","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"Federal drug administration center for veterinary medicine \u201cUse of Cannabis\u2010Derived Products Including Cannabidiol in Veterinary Practice; Request for Information \u201dfederalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/01\/16\/2025\u201000945\/use\u2010of\u2010cannabis\u2010derived\u2010products\u2010including\u2010cannabidiol\u2010in\u2010veterinary\u2010practice\u2010request\u2010for\u2010information."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/8762-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/127\/2021-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.02.0064"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.06.0360"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"CBD \u201cCBD Pet Market: Market Analysis Report (2024\u20132030) \u201d."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","article-title":"Cannabis in Veterinary Medicine: A Critical Review","volume":"61","author":"Hazzah T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1050884"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"2442","article-title":"Localization of Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors in the Human Anterior Eye and Retina","volume":"40","author":"Straiker A. J.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0651"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0729"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2021.103842"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.103933"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.22.02.0028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2023.110549"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13923"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1515833"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1305868"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1356463"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.24.08.0235"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104085"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000541461"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ijg.0000212260.04488.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24838"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000099240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.74.2.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jab.2015.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122585"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cannabidiol Signaling in the Eye and Its Potential as an Ocular Therapeutic Agent","volume":"55","author":"Aebersold A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.10.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2021.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13168"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1341396"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","unstructured":"C.DenapoliandA.Denapoli \u201cMethod of Reducing Stress and Anxiety in Equines. United States Patent US 10 624 936 B2 \u201d 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jveb.2021.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vas.2023.100289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13199"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119782285.ch1"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","article-title":"Effect of Orally Administered Cannabidiol Oil on Daily Tonometric Curve in Healthy Italian Saddle Horses","volume":"15","author":"Bazzano M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2018.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2019.08.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13305"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115949"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28062791"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713681003678824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S174277"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Sources of Variability in the Results of Applanation Tonometry","volume":"17","author":"Motolko M. A.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12600"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.14067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2017.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2019.03.010"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.70188","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vop.70188","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vop.70188","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T15:40:57Z","timestamp":1783438857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vop.70188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vop.70188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.70188","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-5216","1463-5224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-5216","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-5224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70188"}}