{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T16:22:47Z","timestamp":1783441367129,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of a Thermoplastic Polyurethane\/Poly L\u2010Lactide\u2010Co\u2010DL\u2010Lactide (TPU\/PLDLA) polymer blend containing cyclosporine (CsA) for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventeen dogs (twenty\u2010seven eyes total) with KCS, previously unresponsive to topical CsA or experiencing treatment challenges, received a subconjunctival implant of a TPU\/PLDLA\u2010CsA blend. Follow\u2010up visits assessed tear production (STT\u20101), conjunctival hyperemia, corneal pathology, and ocular discharge at 1\u2010, 3\u2010, 6\u2010, and 9 months post\u2010implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The implant was well\u2010tolerated. Conjunctival hyperemia was significantly reduced through 3\u2009months post\u2010implant, whereas ocular discharge showed a significant reduction by 9\u2009months post\u2010implant. STT\u20101 levels increased in 19 eyes (no significant results when data were analyzed collectively), while three eyes showed no improvement. Two dogs with prior stem cell therapy did not experience increased STT\u20101 levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The TPU\/PLDLA\u2010CsA implant shows potential as an alternative to conventional topical CsA treatment for canine KCS, providing sustained release and reducing the need for frequent drug applications. The implant was generally well\u2010tolerated, with observed improvements in tear production and inflammation reduction. Sedation was used for implantation, making the procedure less invasive compared to the general anesthesia required for some other implants. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow\u2010up are required to confirm its long\u2010term efficacy and safety, as well as to refine dosing and implantation protocols for optimal therapeutic outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.70191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T04:30:03Z","timestamp":1779856203000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Sustained\u2010Release Thermoplastic Polyurethane\/Poly L\u2010Lactide\u2010Co\u2010\n                    <scp>DL<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Lactide (\n                    <scp>TPU<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>PLDLA<\/scp>\n                    ) Cyclosporine\u2010A Implant for the Treatment of Canine Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca: A Retrospective Case 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