{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T09:09:11Z","timestamp":1788944951551,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To describe the case details and treatment of an equine fungal keratitis case caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Cladorrhinum bulbillosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animal Studied<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 14\u2010year\u2010old Bashkir Curly gelding with a complicated corneal ulcer of the left eye.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Corneal cytology was performed, and intraoperative samples were collected for polymerase chain reaction and for aerobic and mycologic cultures. Under general anesthesia, an inferior eyelid subpalpebral lavage system (SPL) was placed to facilitate postoperative therapy. Anterior stromal keratectomy was performed followed by cryotherapy of the keratectomy bed. A biological scaffold graft was secured within the defect and temporary tarsorrhaphy performed to protect the surgical site. Postoperatively, the horse received systemic anti\u2010inflammatories and topical medications via SPL: antibacterials (ofloxacin, cefazolin), antifungals (voriconazole, luliconazole), and anticollagenase (serum) as well as atropine. Reevaluations were performed every 2\u20133\u2009weeks until discontinuation of medications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Following surgical and medical management, the horse showed improvement with resolution of the corneal ulcer over an 8\u2010week treatment period. Next\u2010generation sequencing identified\n                      <jats:italic>C.\u2009bulbillosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      as the predominant organism, and fungal culture supported filamentous fungal infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>C.\u2009bulbillosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection caused equine fungal keratitis in this case. The use of topical voriconazole and luliconazole, combined with surgical intervention (keratectomy, cryotherapy, bio scaffold graft), resulted in a good response. The corneal ulcer healed well with minor scarring over 8\u2009weeks following surgical intervention. To the authors' knowledge, this was the second report of equine fungal keratitis caused by\n                      <jats:italic>C.\u2009bulbillosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      . This case highlights the utility of next\u2010generation DNA sequencing and multimodal treatment with adjunctive contemporary therapies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.70249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:13:01Z","timestamp":1787019181000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Equine Fungal Keratitis due to\n                    <i>Cladorrhinum bulbillosum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4906-085X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine  Kennett Square Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3532-5104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loretta","family":"Lacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine  Kennett Square Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2300-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Scherrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine  Kennett Square Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-072160561-6.50013-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119782285"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2022.v12.i6.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.05.0337"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/095777309X400270"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/095777309X400289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02681219780000871"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00362177985380081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2017.0108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","article-title":"Next\u2010Generation DNA Sequencing Offers Diagnostic Advantages Over Traditional Culture Testing","volume":"84","author":"Damerum A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3852\/10-150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funbio.2025.101617"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.90191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281-020-00405-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15285"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2019.1620800"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00019-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.4.643-658.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.14059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2012.01004.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12701"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Optimal Management of Equine Keratomycosis","volume":"3","author":"Galera P. 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