{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T06:42:50Z","timestamp":1784356970305,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,21]],"date-time":"2014-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdo de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas, Brazil- FAPEAM","award":["D005-2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D005-2009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Brazil requires the performance of both a test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HB<\/jats:styled-content>sA<\/jats:styled-content>g) and a test for antibodies to the core of hepatitis B<\/jats:styled-content> for blood donor screening. Blood centres in regions of high HBV<\/jats:styled-content> endemicity struggle to maintain adequate stocks in face of the high discard rates due to anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>c reactivity. We evaluated the potential infectivity of donations positive for anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>c in search of a rational approach for the handling of these collections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>We tested anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>c reactive blood donations from the state of A<\/jats:styled-content>mazonas for the presence of HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> and for titres of anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>s. The study population consists of village\u2010based donors from the interior of A<\/jats:styled-content>mazonas state.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Among 3600 donations, 799 were anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>c reactive (22\u00b72%). We were able to perform real\u2010time PCR<\/jats:styled-content> for the HBV S<\/jats:styled-content> gene on specimens from 291 of these donors. Eight of these samples were negative for HB<\/jats:styled-content>sA<\/jats:styled-content>g and positive for HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> and were defined as occult B<\/jats:styled-content> virus infections (2\u00b77%). Six of those eight specimens had anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>s titres above 100\u00a0mIU\/ml, indicating the concomitant presence of the virus with high antibody titres.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>A small proportion of anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>c reactive donors carry HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> and anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>s testing is not useful for predicting viremia on them. This finding indicates the possibility of HBV<\/jats:styled-content> transmission from asymptomatic donors, especially in areas of high HBV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence. Sensitive HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> nucleic acid testing may provide another level of safety, allowing eventual use of anti\u2010HB<\/jats:styled-content>c reactive units in critical situations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]],"date-time":"2014-02-24T17:22:39Z","timestamp":1393262559000},"page":"19-25","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Occult hepatitis B<\/scp> virus infection among blood donors from the B<\/scp>razilian A<\/scp>mazon: implications for transfusion policy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"M. N. dos S.","family":"Moresco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada da Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. de A.","family":"Virgolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada da Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. P. E.","family":"de Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"da Motta\u2010Passos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada da Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Gomes\u2010Gouv\u00eaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia Tropical Departamento de Gastroenterologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. M. S.","family":"de Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. R. de L.","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. C. F.","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00f3\u2010Sangue Hemocentro de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas e Parasit\u00e1rias da Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2010 DIPA\u2010UNIFESP S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Malheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada da Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. de P.","family":"Cavalheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas e Parasit\u00e1rias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"Levi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00f3\u2010Sangue Hemocentro de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas e Parasit\u00e1rias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. L.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada da Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"IBGE \u2010 Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat\u00edstica:Dados do Censo 2010 publicados no Di\u00e1rio Oficial da Uni\u00e3o. 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