{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T23:04:13Z","timestamp":1784761453327,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,26]],"date-time":"2016-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000931","name":"Department of Social Services, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000931","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We previously published a model to estimate the residual risk (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>) for occult hepatitis B infection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content>) in the absence of universal anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>c testing. To incorporate new information on the epidemiology of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content>, we describe model refinements and estimate a more accurate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV RR<\/jats:styled-content> due to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content> in Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our original model, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content> risk, p(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content>), was defined by the rate of \u2018non\u2010detection\u2019 by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> screening test in use, p(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAT<\/jats:styled-content> non\u2010detection), and the average infectivity of blood components from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content> donors, p(transmission). We revised the model by integrating three refinements: that donations with anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>s levels of &gt;10 IU\/l, or donations solely for manufactured plasma products, be excluded from the risk calculation, and an updated estimate of p(transmission).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Refining our <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI RR<\/jats:styled-content> model resulted in a more than 10\u2010fold reduction in the reported <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content> risk to recipients from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content> in our donor population. Based on the use of a common data set, the mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI RR<\/jats:styled-content> risk decreased from 1 in 374 354 donations (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1 in 191 940\u20131 072 681) to 1 in 3 984 033 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1 in 1 146 188\u201365 268 257) for the refined model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our model refinements provide a more realistic measure of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV RR<\/jats:styled-content> in the donor population. Unlike the previous model, the new model demonstrates that the risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> due to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OBI<\/jats:styled-content> in the Australian blood donor population is negligible, and further potentially cost\u2010ineffective risk management strategies are not currently warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,26]],"date-time":"2016-08-26T21:26:55Z","timestamp":1472246815000},"page":"3-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Refining the risk estimate for transfusion\u2010transmission of occult hepatitis B virus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"C. 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