{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:48:01Z","timestamp":1792756081517,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003107","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Gesundheit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interventions to prevent and detect bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>s) have reduced, but not eliminated the sepsis risk. Standardized bacterial strains are needed to validate detection and pathogen reduction technologies in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>s. Following the establishment of the First International Reference Repository of Platelet Transfusion\u2010Relevant Bacterial Reference Strains (the \u2018repository\u2019), the World Health Organization (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content>) Expert Committee on Biological Standardisation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECBS<\/jats:styled-content>) endorsed further repository expansion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen bacterial strains, including the four repository strains, were distributed from the Paul\u2010Ehrlich\u2010Institut (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>) to 14 laboratories in 10 countries for enumeration, identification and growth measurement on days 2, 4 and 7 after low spiking levels [10\u201325 colony\u2010forming units (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFU<\/jats:styled-content>)\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> bag]. Spore\u2010forming (<jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201007\u2010S, <jats:italic>Bacillus thuringiensis<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201057\u2010S), Gram\u2010negative (<jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201043, <jats:italic>Morganella morganii<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201074, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201091, <jats:italic>Proteus mirabilis<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201055, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas fluorescens<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201077, <jats:italic>Salmonella choleraesuis<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201078, <jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201056) and Gram\u2010positive (<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201063, <jats:italic>Streptococcus dysgalactiae<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201071, <jats:italic>Streptococcus bovis<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201061) strains were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacterial viability was conserved after transport to the participating laboratories with one exception (<jats:italic>M.\u00a0morganii<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201074). All other strains showed moderate\u2010to\u2010excellent growth. <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> B.\u00a0thuringiensis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> K.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> P.\u00a0fluorescens<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> S.\u00a0marcescens<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> S.\u00a0aureu<\/jats:italic>s and <jats:italic>S.\u00a0dysgalactiae<\/jats:italic> grew to &gt;10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFU<\/jats:styled-content>\/ml by day 2. <jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> P.\u00a0mirabilis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> S.\u00a0epidermidis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> S.\u00a0bovis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pyogenes<\/jats:italic> achieved &gt;10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFU<\/jats:styled-content>\/ml at day 4. Growth of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0choleraesuis<\/jats:italic> was lower and highly variable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO ECBS<\/jats:styled-content> approved all bacterial strains (except <jats:italic>M.\u00a0morganii<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201074 and <jats:italic>S.\u00a0choleraesuis<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B\u2010P\u201078<jats:italic>)<\/jats:italic> for repository enlargement. The strains were stable, suitable for spiking with low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFU<\/jats:styled-content> numbers, and proliferation was independent of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> donor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T08:10:39Z","timestamp":1506499839000},"page":"713-722","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Enlargement of the <scp>WHO<\/scp> international repository for platelet transfusion\u2010relevant bacteria reference strains"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Spindler\u2010Raffel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul\u2010Ehrlich\u2010Institut Langen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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