{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T02:16:41Z","timestamp":1787624201939,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cerus Corporation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chikungunya virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content>) infections have been reported in all continents, and the potential risk for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content> transfusion\u2010transmitted infections (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TTI<\/jats:styled-content>s) was demonstrated by the detection of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive donations in several countries. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TTI<\/jats:styled-content>s can be reduced by pathogen inactivation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content>) of blood products. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of amustaline and glutathione (S\u2010303\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSH<\/jats:styled-content>) to inactivate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content> in red\u2010blood\u2010cell concentrates (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content>s).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Red\u2010blood\u2010cells were spiked with high level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content>. Infectious titres and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> loads were measured before and after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content> treatment. Residual <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content> infectivity was also assessed after five successive cell culture passages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content> titres in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content>s before inactivation was 5\u00b781 \u00b1 0\u00b718 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> 50% tissue culture infectious dose (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCID<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>)\/mL, and the mean viral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> load was 10\u00b749 \u00b1 0\u00b715 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> genome equivalent (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GE<\/jats:styled-content>q)\/mL. No <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV TCID<\/jats:styled-content> was detected after S\u2010303 treatment nor was replicative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content> particles and viral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> present after five cell culture passages of samples obtained immediately after S\u2010303 treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chikungunya virus was previously shown to be inactivated by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content> technology using amotosalen and ultraviolet A light for the treatment of plasma and platelets. This new study demonstrates that S\u2010303\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSH<\/jats:styled-content> can inactivate high titres of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIKV<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]],"date-time":"2018-01-09T19:55:54Z","timestamp":1515527754000},"page":"232-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Amustaline (S\u2010303) treatment inactivates high levels of Chikungunya virus in red\u2010blood\u2010cell components"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Aubry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"P\u00f4le de recherche et de veille sur les maladies infectieuses \u00e9mergentes Institut Louis Malard\u00e9 Tahiti French Polynesia"},{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ IRD (Dakar, Marseille, Papeete) AP\u2010HM IHU\u2010M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection UMR Vecteurs \u2013 Infections Tropicales et M\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes (VITROME) Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Laughhunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerus Corporation Concord CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Santa Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerus Corporation Concord CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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