{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:07:40Z","timestamp":1747188460053,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an underrecognized and emerging infectious disease that may threaten the safety of donor blood supply in many parts of the world. We sought to elucidate whether our local community blood supply is at increased susceptibility for transmission of transfusion\u2010associated HEV infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We screened 10,002 randomly selected donations over an 8\u2010month period between 2017 and 2018 at the Stanford Blood Center for markers of HEV infection using commercial IgM\/IgG serological tests and reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays (RT\u2010qPCR). Donor demographic information, including gender, age, self\u2010identified ethnicity, location of residence and recent travel, were obtained from the donor database and used to generate multivariate binary logistic regressions for risk factors of IgG seropositivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 10,002 blood donations from 7507 unique donors were screened, and there was no detectable HEV RNA by RT\u2010qPCR. The overall seropositivity rate was 12.1% for IgG and 0.56% for IgM. Multivariate analysis of unique donors revealed a significantly higher risk of IgG seropositivity with increasing age, White\/Asian ethnicities and residence in certain local counties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although HEV IgG seroprevalence in the San Francisco Bay Area is consistent with ongoing infection, the screening of a large donor population did not identify any viraemic blood donors. While HEV is an underrecognized and emerging infection in other regions, there is no evidence to support routine blood screening for HEV in our local blood supply currently; however, periodic monitoring may still be required to assess the ongoing risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T10:06:37Z","timestamp":1687860397000},"page":"674-680","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hepatitis E virus seropositivity in an ethnically diverse community blood donor population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7552-4840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan K.","family":"Mah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MeiLe","family":"Keck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Stanford Blood Center Stanford Health Care  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Y.","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Stanford Blood Center Stanford Health Care  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harini","family":"Sooryanarain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia\u2010Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malaya K.","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ChunHong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey A.","family":"Belanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Blood Center Stanford Health Care  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenyong","family":"Keck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang\u2010Jin","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia\u2010Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven K. H.","family":"Foung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin A.","family":"Pinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tho D.","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Stanford Blood Center Stanford Health Care  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2019.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268820001429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61849-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2018.19.2.309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/655898"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2019.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Transfusion\u2010transmitted hepatitis E in a patient with myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"12","author":"Kimura Y","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood Transfus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14285"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"Altona Diagnostics.Instructions for use: RealStar\u00ae HEV RT\u2010PCR Kit 2.0.2017Accessed 5 June 2023.https:\/\/www.altona-diagnostics.com\/en\/products\/reagents\/realstar-real-time-pcr-reagents\/realstar-hev-rt-pcr-kit-ce.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12326"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272809"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2160-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2015.20.19.21127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12733"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426-018-0136-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2020.1865716"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14468"}],"container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vox.13487","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T05:33:56Z","timestamp":1692423236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vox.13487"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vox.13487"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vox.13487","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-9007","1423-0410"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0042-9007"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0410"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]}}}