{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:10:11Z","timestamp":1756771811223,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serological HTLV\u20101\/2 screening is mandatory for blood donor candidates in Brazil. Our objective was to analyse HTLV test results in blood donors submitted for screening and confirmatory assays in a Brazilian blood bank.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective analysis (2017\u20132022) results of chemiluminescence immunoassays and confirmatory tests for HTLV\u20101\/2 in reactive donors were performed. During the analysed period, three sets of assays were used: (1) Architect rHTLV\u2010I\/II\u2009+\u2009HTLV Blot 2.4 (Western blot [WB]); (2) Alinity s HTLV I\/II Reagent Kit + INNO\u2010line immunoassay (LIA) HTLV I\/II Score (LIA); (3) Alinity + WB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysed period comprised a total of 1,557,333 donations. The mean percentage of HTLV reactive donors using the Architect assay was 0.14%. With the change to the Alinity assay, that percentage dropped 2.3\u2010fold (0.06%). The reactivity rate in the confirmatory tests (1064 samples) ranged from 13.5% to 30.2%, whereas 58.3%\u201385.9% of samples were non\u2010reactive. The highest rates of positive (30.2%) and indeterminate (11.5%) results were seen using LIA. Considering all analysed samples, those with signal\/cut\u2010off ratio (S\/CO) &gt;50 were positive in confirmatory tests (positive predictive value, PPV\u2009=\u2009100%), whereas samples with S\/CO \u22646 are very unlikely to be truly positive (PPV\u2009=\u20090).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of the Alinity assay reduced the frequency of false\u2010positive results. Confirmatory tests are important to identify true HTLV infection in blood donors, because more than 58% of initially reactive individuals are confirmed as seronegative. Categorizing S\/CO values is useful for assessing the likelihood of true HTLV\u20101\/2 infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T04:50:24Z","timestamp":1705294224000},"page":"257-264","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The importance of confirmatory assays in testing blood donors for human <scp>T<\/scp>\u2010cell lymphotropic virus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2506-8450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina Lobato","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Pesquisa, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o HEMOMINAS  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edel Figueiredo","family":"Barbosa\u2010Stancioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Clara Fernandes","family":"da Silva\u2010Malta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Pesquisa, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o HEMOMINAS  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00f4nia Mara","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Sorologia Funda\u00e7\u00e3o HEMOMINAS  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.12.7415"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00388"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-12-S1-O5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2019.06.008"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.21.00084"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00389"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-020-01451-3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30402-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760170307"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.02.007"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9040250"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009717"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6872-5_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00961-18"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0175-2021"},{"unstructured":"Brasil.Ministry of Health Ordinance N\u00b0 1 376 dated 19 November 1993. 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