{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T20:45:52Z","timestamp":1790455552256,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early balanced transfusion is recommended for resuscitation of patients with severe bleeding. Whole blood (WB) is reintroduced as a feasible alternative to blood components, as it includes red blood cells, plasma and platelets in a physiological ratio.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this review, we aim to provide practical guidance and a framework for blood providers aiming to implement a WB programme. The review summarizes recommendations and practical implications identified from published literature, regulatory requirements and current programmes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      WB donors are selected based on national donor selection criteria. When the patients' ABO\u2010type is unknown, low titre anti\u2010A and anti\u2010B group\u2010O WB (LTOWB) are recommended. ABO\u2010group type\u2010specific blood can be used in patients with known ABO type. Anticoagulants include CPD and CPDA\u20101. Leukoreduction can be performed with a platelet\u2010sparing filter. WB is stored at +2 to \u20136\u00b0C for up to 35\u2009days. Rotation of the stock and re\u2010manufacturing to red cell concentrates minimizes outdating. The EDQM\n                      <jats:italic>Guide to the preparation, use and quality assurance of blood components<\/jats:italic>\n                      provides the minimum requirements. Post\u2010implementation follow\u2010up includes haemovigilance and quality surveillance. End users should be involved in the development of the programme and training of personnel. Emergency collection of WB can enable transfusion to patients in remote areas, during disasters and during war.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conclude that implementation of a WB programme for routine and emergency management of patients with severe bleeding can be performed in a structured, safe and sustainable way.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.70168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:59:11Z","timestamp":1767315551000},"page":"228-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Implementation of a whole blood programme within a blood service: Practical guidance for blood providers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8823-2719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torunn Oveland","family":"Apelseth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Center for Blood Preparedness, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d3lafur Eysteinn","family":"Sigurj\u00f3nsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Blood Bank, Landspitali University Hospital  Reykjavik Iceland"},{"name":"Reykjavik University  Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Blood Transfusion Service  Dublin Republic of Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service  Edinburgh Scotland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chloe","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Welsh Blood Service  Llantrisant Wales"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wiebke","family":"Handke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blutspendedienst des Bayerischen Roten Kreuzes gGmbH  Nurnberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Humbrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Etablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang Grand Est  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tome","family":"Najdovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service du Sang de la Croix\u2010Rouge  Suarl\u00e9e Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"O'Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Blood Alliance  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wiltshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Blood and Transplant  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2864-4073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Klei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin Blood Bank  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Blood Cell Research Sanquin Research  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"European Blood Alliance Working Group on Innovations and New Products","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"434","article-title":"The effect of massive transfusion protocol implementation on the survival of trauma patients: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"18","author":"Consunji R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Transfus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30186-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000002405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2023.7178"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000715"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) guidelines 2021. 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