{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:21:45Z","timestamp":1791555705423,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Recent events have highlighted the urgent need for comprehensive blood preparedness plans at local, regional, national and cross\u2010border levels within the Nordic countries. This article outlines the perspectives and strategies related to blood preparedness in Norway, Sweden and Finland, in the context of emergencies, disasters and armed conflicts. Norway, Sweden and Finland share long borders and similar geography, including vast rural areas with limited health care resources. Finland operates a centralized blood service, whereas Norway and Sweden maintain decentralized systems, with regional authorities responsible for their own blood supply. All three countries adhere to a total defence concept, wherein military forces depend on civilian transfusion services. In mass casualty events, the demand for transfusion services to provide urgent blood and blood components is expected to be high. Haemorrhage remains the leading cause of preventable prehospital death in trauma cases, and the availability of blood products in prehospital settings is critical in both civilian and military environments. Key priorities identified include: establishing stockpiles of shelf\u2010stable blood products, developing surge capacity plans for rapid upscaling of blood collection and whole blood and component production, conducting joint training and exercises involving blood establishments, transfusion services, hospitals and military units, and collaboration in a pilot cross\u2010border initiative\u2014the\n                    <jats:italic>Nordic Blood Preparedness Project<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014in northern Norway, Sweden and Finland, aimed at harmonizing regulations and procedures during emergencies. To effectively save lives during disasters and armed conflicts, it is essential to have well\u2010documented and operational blood preparedness plans in place.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.70242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T01:14:48Z","timestamp":1773796488000},"page":"1536-1544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Blood supply continuity and emergency preparedness in natural and man\u2010made disasters and in armed conflicts\u2014The Nordic perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Agneta","family":"Wikman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Swedish Armed Forces  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7129-7695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Medby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Armed Forces Joint Medical Services  Sessvollmoen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Trauma St. Olavs University Hospital  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4075-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise","family":"B\u00e4ckstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Link\u00f6ping University  Link\u00f6ping Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Leadership and Command &amp; Control Swedish Defence University  Karlstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarkko","family":"Ihalainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service  Vantaa Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Lyyra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Military Medicine Finnish Defense Forces  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrik","family":"Nimberger\u2010Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Armed Forces  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Link\u00f6ping University Hospital  Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geir","family":"Strandenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Blood Preparedness  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1133-6653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jouni","family":"Lauronen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service  Vantaa Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8823-2719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torunn","family":"Apelseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Blood Preparedness  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X23005794"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003497370"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14751798.2022.2076343"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"STANAG 2939 AMedP 1.1: minimum requirements for blood blood donors and associated equipment. 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