{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:18:56Z","timestamp":1789165136315,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT 183730"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT 183730"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma is an essential component of therapies used to treat immune deficiencies, coagulation disorders and other serious conditions. Despite increasing global demand, many countries, including Canada, remain dependent on imported plasma products. Understanding the psychological, social and structural factors influencing plasma donation is critical to designing strategies that strengthen domestic supply. This meta\u2010synthesis aimed to identify barriers and enablers to plasma donation using the theoretical domains framework (TDF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and CINAHL (up to August 2023) identified qualitative studies describing experiences and perceptions of plasma donation. Using directed content analysis, qualitative data were coded to TDF domains, and belief statements summarizing barriers and enablers were generated and synthesized narratively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty studies (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091310 participants) conducted in non\u2010remunerated contexts met inclusion criteria. A total of 131 belief statements were mapped to 13 of 14 TDF domains. The largest number occurred in\n                      <jats:italic>Environmental Context and Resources<\/jats:italic>\n                      (e.g., accessibility, scheduling, staff support), followed by\n                      <jats:italic>Knowledge<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Social\/Professional Role and Identity<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Social Influences<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Emotion<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Barriers centred on logistical constraints, limited understanding and negative emotional responses, whereas enablers reflected trust in institutions, supportive staff, identity as a donor and feelings of pride and altruism.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma donation behaviour is shaped by interacting informational, emotional, social and structural determinants. Addressing practical barriers while leveraging enablers such as donor identity, social support and transparent communication may enhance recruitment and retention. Our findings can inform the design of theory\u2010based, donor\u2010centred interventions to strengthen national plasma collection systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.70312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T04:21:53Z","timestamp":1783052513000},"page":"1290-1300","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Barriers and enablers to non\u2010remunerated plasma donation: A meta\u2010synthesis of the qualitative literature using the theoretical domains framework"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Cole","family":"Etherington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Upreti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira","family":"Brehaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximillian","family":"Labrecque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lived Experience Partner  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Rubini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lived Experience Partner  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manavi T.","family":"Maharshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo  Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terrie","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Dogba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VITAM \u2013 Sustainable Health Research Centre  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0388-5812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Risa","family":"Shorr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Learning Services, The Ottawa Hospital  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Bruy\u00e8re Health Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Presseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodological and Implementation Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Vesnaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BORN Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"What are plasma protein and related products?Available from:https:\/\/www.blood.ca\/en\/plasma\/plasma-protein-and-related-products\/what-are-plasma-protein-and-related-products. 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