{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:52:41Z","timestamp":1791445961765,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vox Sanguinis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The United States Armed Services Blood Program (ASBP) oversees blood collection for the US Department of War but faces recurring shortages. Donor motivations have been examined; the barriers and incentives affecting military non\u2010donors have not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A survey was conducted of 390 US military\u2010affiliated non\u2010donors served by two Air Force base donor centers. Participants rated 15 barriers and 13 incentives on 5\u2010point Likert scales and gave open\u2010text responses. Cronbach's alpha, principal component analysis, and analysis of variance assessed reliability, structure, and demographic differences; open text was coded with a multi\u2010label codebook.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Barriers grouped into access\/information, fear\/low priority, and readiness\/eligibility factors. Highest rated barriers were preferring other ways to contribute (mean 2.95), low priority (2.88), eligibility concerns (2.88), and lack of notification (2.85). Fear of needles (2.39) and distrust (2.11) rated the lowest. Incentives grouped into tangible\/time\u2010based rewards, informational appeals, and recognition. Additional leave (4.22) and gift cards (3.86) rated the highest. Reliability was high (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.86\u20130.89). Barriers and responsiveness to tangible rewards declined with years of service and age and were higher among enlisted personnel (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01\u20130.10); informational appeals showed no demographic differences. Sixty\u2010four percent were likely to donate. Sixteen percent of open\u2010text responses described being turned away because the respondent's blood type was not being collected.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Military non\u2010donors are disengaged and uninformed rather than fearful. Time\u2010based incentives, eligibility clarity, drive notification, and a pathway for non\u2010group\u2010O volunteers are practical strategies to expand the ASBP donor pool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.70390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:07:52Z","timestamp":1791443272000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Expanding the military blood donor pool through non\u2010donor recruitment"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4480-7047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Carrillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marketing University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kandie","family":"Ibarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"88th Medical Group  Wright\u2010Patterson AFB Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariel","family":"Pestanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"88th Medical Group  Wright\u2010Patterson AFB Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Comes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keesler Medical Group  Keesler AFB Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Ann","family":"Spott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense Health Agency, Armed Services Blood Program  Fairfax Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1534-5052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense Health Agency, Armed Services Blood Program  Fairfax Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Readiness Command\u2010Bravo  Falls Church Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Bein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keesler Medical Group  Keesler AFB Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6621-1084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keesler Medical Group  Keesler AFB Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001685","article-title":"Back to the future: whole blood resuscitation of the severely injured trauma patient","volume":"56","author":"McCoy CC","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Armed Services Blood Program.Department of defense instruction 6480.04. 2022 (Change 1 effective 29 June 2023). 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