{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T23:11:58Z","timestamp":1790896318479,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,2]],"date-time":"2014-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Thyroid scintigraphy is currently the reference standard for diagnosing and staging cats with hyperthyroidism, but few studies describing the scintigraphic characteristics in a large number of cats have been reported. The objective of this study was to better characterize thyroid scintigraphy findings by evaluating 2096 consecutive cats with hyperthyroidism that were referred over a 3.5\u2010year period. Of these cats, 2068 (98.7%) had a high thyroid\u2010to\u2010salivary ratio (&gt;1.5), whereas 2014 (96.1%) were found to have a high thyroid\u2010to\u2010background ratio (&gt;6.1). When the patterns of the cats\u2019 thyroid disease were recorded, 665 (31.7%) had unilateral disease, 1060 (50.6%) had bilateral\u2010asymmetric disease (two thyroid lobes unequal in size), 257 (12.3%) had bilateral\u2010symmetric disease (both lobes similar in size), and 81 (3.9%) had multifocal disease (\u22653 areas of increased radionuclide uptake). The number of areas of<jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>TcO<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>uptake in the 2096 cats ranged from 1 to 6 (median, 2), located in the cervical area in 2057 (98.1%), thoracic inlet in 282 (13.5%), and in the thoracic cavity in 115 (5.5%). Ectopic thyroid tissue (e.g. lingual or mediastinal) was diagnosed in 81 (3.9%) cats, whereas thyroid carcinoma was suspected in 35 (1.7%) of the cats. The results of this study support conclusions that most hyperthyroid cats have unilateral or bilateral thyroid nodules, but that multifocal disease will develop in a few cats that have ectopic thyroid disease or thyroid carcinoma. Both ectopic thyroid disease and thyroid carcinoma are relatively uncommon in hyperthyroid cats, with a respective prevalence of \u223c4% and \u223c2% in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,2]],"date-time":"2014-05-02T13:28:46Z","timestamp":1399037326000},"page":"84-95","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["THYROID SCINTIGRAPHY FINDINGS IN 2096 CATS WITH HYPERTHYROIDISM"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3016-1855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark E.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Endocrine Clinic, New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Broome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Veterinary Medical Imaging Tustin California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1984.tb00737.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1992.tb00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2002.tb01021.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctsap.2005.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"181","volume-title":"Textbook of veterinary nuclear medicine","author":"Daniel GB","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2008.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"130","volume-title":"Kirk's current veterinary therapy, volume XV","author":"Peterson ME","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.529"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13500426"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Feline focus: diagnostic testing for feline thyroid disease: hyperthyroidism","volume":"35","author":"Peterson ME","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compendium"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2006.00129.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-004-1014-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1985.tb01113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00095.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1317"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0461"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"An adenoma in ectopic thyroid tissue causing hyperthyroidism in a cat","volume":"19","author":"Noxon JO","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jfms.2000.0085"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1988.193.03.359","article-title":"Thyroid carcinoma causing hyperthyroidism in cats: 14 cases (1981\u20131986)","volume":"193","author":"Turrel JM","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1995.207.08.1055","article-title":"Response to high\u2010dose radioactive iodine administration in cats with thyroid carcinoma that had previously undergone surgery","volume":"207","author":"Guptill L","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Textbook of veterinary nuclear medicine","author":"Daniel GB","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/17.4.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2006.00180.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","volume-title":"Practical nonparametric statistics","author":"Conover WJ","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118165881"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Applications, basics, and computing of exploratory data analysis","author":"Velleman PF","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","first-page":"87","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of measurement and statistics","author":"Abdi H","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.1671"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v68i2.866"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","first-page":"334","volume-title":"Current veterinary therapy XI","author":"Graves TK","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Consultations in feline internal medicine","author":"Peterson ME","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","first-page":"680","article-title":"Evaluation of thyroid to background ratios in hyperthyroid cats","volume":"54","author":"Bettencourt AE","year":"2013","journal-title":"In: Abstracts from the 2013 ACVR Scientific Conference Savannah, GA. Vet Radiol Ultras"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00969.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Feline focus: diagnostic testing for feline thyroid disease: hypothyroidism","volume":"35","author":"Peterson ME","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compendium"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2008.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00040.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.8.1362"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","first-page":"337","article-title":"The prenatal growth of the cat. IX. The ponderal growth of the hypophysis, thyroid, thymus and suprarenal glands","volume":"3","author":"Latimer HB","year":"1939","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0264.2002.00360.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/JME-10-0084"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Werners & Ingbar's the thyroid: a fundamental and clinical text","author":"Santisteban P","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-0204"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0611"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1989.195.11.1606","article-title":"Surgical excision of ectopic thyroid carcinoma involving the base of the tongue in dogs: three cases (1980\u20131987)","volume":"195","author":"Lantz GC","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2007.00133.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063871002200632"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.7.981"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1232"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0410"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-010-0209-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014556131209100417"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1983.183.01.103","article-title":"Feline hyperthyroidism: pretreatment clinical and laboratory evaluation of 131 cases","volume":"183","author":"Peterson ME","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03238.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","unstructured":"PetersonME.Treatment of severe unresponsive or recurrent hyperthyroidism in cats in Conference Proceedings 29th Annual Veterinary Medical Forum (American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine)2011;104\u2013106."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","first-page":"406","volume-title":"Diseases of the cat: medicine and surgery","author":"Carpenter JL","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","first-page":"997","volume-title":"Diagnostic histopathology of tumours","author":"Chan JKC","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2008.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0b013e318271a5ac"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-008-9484-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1986.188.10.1160","article-title":"Clinical and pathologic features of thyroid tumors in 26 dogs","volume":"188","author":"Harari J","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; Ultrasound"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fvru.12165","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vru.12165","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T17:13:59Z","timestamp":1746206039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vru.12165"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,2]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vru.12165"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vru.12165","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-8183","1740-8261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-8183","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,2]]}}}