{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:31:58Z","timestamp":1789140718601,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mediastinal serous cavity is a normal anatomic space in the caudal mediastinum. Aims of this anatomic and case series study were to describe the signs of pathologic expansion of the mediastinal serous cavity observed during computed tomography (CT), review the underlying anatomy, perform a literature review, and evaluate the medical records of several dogs with mediastinal serous cavity empyema (paraesophageal empyema). The mesothelial lined mediastinal serous cavity is a cranial extension of the omental bursa, separated from the peritoneal cavity by the diaphragm, in the dorsal part of the caudal mediastinum, to the right of the esophagus, between the heart base and diaphragm. In five adult, large\u2010breed dogs with surgically and histologically confirmed paraesophageal empyema, macroscopic plant material was found at surgery in two dogs, adherence to adjacent lung was present in three different dogs, accessory lobectomy was performed in two dogs with subacute\u2010chronic pyogranulomatous pneumonia, and one dog had concurrent pyothorax and mediastinitis, but none had esophageal abnormalities. This study expands our understanding of the pathogenesis and basis for the imaging appearance of paraesophageal empyema in dogs by clarifying the underlying anatomic structures that direct development of this condition. The term empyema accurately describes this condition because the purulent material accumulates within an existing body cavity. The study also provides initial evidence that the development of paraesophageal empyema might be due to local extension of lung disease, such as foreign body migration or pneumonia. Computed tomography was helpful for diagnosis, assessing size, and determining the spread of disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T01:38:46Z","timestamp":1512092326000},"page":"169-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The pathogenesis of paraesophageal empyema in dogs and constancy of radiographic and computed tomography signs are linked to involvement of the mediastinal serous cavity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Karine","family":"Gendron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean P.","family":"McDonough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Flanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"May","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter V.","family":"Scrivani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2011.00922.x","article-title":"Caudal mediastinal paraesophageal abscesses in 7 dogs: Caudal mediastinal paraesophageal abscesses","volume":"41","author":"Brissot HN","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vetreccr-2014-000146"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.238.6.699"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00965.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2001.tb12981.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12365"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Serosal Membranes (Pleura, Pericardium, Peritoneum): Normal Structure, Development and Experimental Pathology","author":"Michailova KN","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"International Committee on Veterinary Gross Anatomical Nomenclature World Association of Veterinary Anatomists (WAVA).Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria Revised 5th edn. [Internet].2012[cited 2017 May 24]. Available from:www.wava-amav.org\/Downloads\/nav_2012.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"International Committee on Veterinary Gross Anatomical Nomenclature World Association of Veterinary Anatomists (WAVA).Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria [Internet].2006[cited 2017 May 24]. Available from:http:\/\/www.wava-amav.org\/downloads\/nev_2006.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"BronmanI.Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der bursa omentalis und aehnlicher Rezessbildungen bei den Wirbeltieren.Wiesbaden: JF Bergman 1904;611."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091750407"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.1979.tb00676.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"188","article-title":"Development of the human lesser sac","volume":"91","author":"Kanagasuntheram R","year":"1957","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"186","volume-title":"Textbook of Clinical Embryology","author":"Singh V","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(03)00242-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01262007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-008-0380-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348942303200409"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.101932"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"338","volume-title":"Miller's Anatomy of the Dog","author":"Evans HE","year":"2013"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480206801021","article-title":"Benign anatomical mistakes: Inferior pulmonary ligament","volume":"68","author":"Mirilas P","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"1408p","volume-title":"Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease E\u2010Book \u2013 Expert Consult","author":"Zachary JF","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"2100p","volume-title":"Stedman's Medical Dictionary","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.281.1.L119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2008.00360.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; Ultrasound"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fvru.12582","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vru.12582","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T08:45:06Z","timestamp":1719650706000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vru.12582"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vru.12582"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vru.12582","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-8183","1740-8261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-8183","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]}}}