{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:20:47Z","timestamp":1787016047063,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,18]],"date-time":"2020-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) has emerged as a convenient definitive treatment modality in veterinary medicine, but few studies exist evaluating outcome with treatment for canine nasal tumors, and no studies report the treatment of one single tumor histotype. This retrospective, observational study evaluates toxicity, response, and survival in 17 dogs with nasal carcinomas treated with SRT. Dogs received a median of 3000 centigray in three fractions via 6\u2010MV linear accelerator. Eighty\u2010eight percent of patients (n\u00a0=\u00a015) demonstrated clinical benefit. Of dogs with repeated CT imaging (n\u00a0=\u00a010), 60% (n\u00a0=\u00a06) achieved a partial response and 10% (n\u00a0=\u00a01) achieved a complete response. Median progression\u2010free survival (PFS) was 359 days. Median survival time (MST) was 563 days. Among dogs evaluable for acute toxicity, 50% (n\u00a0=\u00a010) developed low grade toxicity (grade 1, n\u00a0=\u00a04; grade 2, n\u00a0=\u00a01). No patients developed grade 3 toxicity. 16 dogs (87%) evaluable over the long term developed signs consistent with possible late toxicity. The majority of late toxicities were mild (alopecia, hyperpigmentation, and leukotrichia n\u00a0=\u00a010; ocular discharge and keratoconjunctivitis sicca n\u00a0=\u00a05). Thirty\u2010seven percent of patients (n\u00a0=\u00a06) developed seven possible grade 3 late toxicities (blindness, n\u00a0=\u00a03; fistula, n\u00a0=\u00a01; seizures, n\u00a0=\u00a03), which were difficult to distinguish from progressive disease in most patients. Of the prognostic factors evaluated (demographics, tumor stage, dosimetric data, epistaxis, facial deformity, clinical response, image\u2010based response, nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs, and chemotherapy), only clinical response was a positive prognostic factor on MST (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.00). No factors were found to be significantly associated with PFS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T00:15:36Z","timestamp":1584576936000},"page":"370-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Outcome of intensity\u2010modulated radiation therapy\u2010based stereotactic radiation therapy for treatment of canine nasal carcinomas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2395-5120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stacey","family":"Fox\u2010Alvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0638-8961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keijiro","family":"Shiomitsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amandine T.","family":"Lejeune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Szivek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyndsay","family":"Kubicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida"},{"name":"Angell Animal Medical Center Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Withrow & MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology","author":"Withrow SJ","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Nasal tumors in the dog: Retrospective evaluation of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment","volume":"170","author":"MacEwen EG","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Canine sinonasal neoplasms: Clinicopathological study of 285 cases","volume":"25","author":"Patnaik 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